Plant Protect. Sci., X:X | DOI: 10.17221/67/2025-PPS

Antimicrobial Compounds from Lactiplantibacillus plantarum and Lacticaseibacillus paracasei inhibited growth of Ralstonia syzygii subsp. celebesensis (RSC), causal pathogen of banana blood diseaseOriginal Paper

Michell Kah Ven Sam ORCID...1,2, Roslina Jawan ORCID...2, Nur Sulastri Jaffar ORCID...3, Khim Phin Chong ORCID...1,2
1 Biophysics Research Group, Faculty of Science and Natural Resources, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Jalan UMS, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia
2 Biotechnology Programme, Faculty of Science and Natural Resources, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Jalan UMS, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia
3 Horticulture Research Centre, Malaysian Agricultural Research and Development Institute (MARDI), Selangor, Malaysia

Banana blood disease is a banana wilt disease caused by Ralstonia syzygii subsp. celebesensis (RSC) poses a serious threat to banana plantations, particularly in Indonesia and Malaysia. Yet, the current control methods are inadequate to mitigate the disease. Biological control agents (BCAs) offer a promising solution by using beneficial microorganisms to control pathogens. Among BCAs, lactic acid bacteria (LAB) have gained increasing attention in agriculture due to their ability to produce a variety of antimicrobial compounds. This study investigates the antimicrobial substances produced by Lactiplantibacillus plantarum and Lacticaseibacillus paracasei against RSC using cell-free supernatants (CFS) and liquid-liquid extraction (LLE). The inhibitory effect of the LAB extracts against RSC was evaluated using agar well diffusion method. Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis confirmed the bioactive metabolites with potential antibacterial activity against RSC are monoglucosyl-enterobactin, (6Z,9Z,12Z)-octadecatrienoic acid, and 2-(hydroxymethyl)-3-(acetamidomethylene)succinate from CFS-L. plantarum; canavanine, norspermidine and 4-guanidinobutanamide in CFS-L. paracasei; sinapic acid, lecanoric acid and D-glucono-1,5-lactone in LLE-L. plantarum and lithocholic acid, orotic acid and sterculic acid in LLE-L. paracasei. A scanning electron microscope has shown disruption and damage to the RSC cells during LAB treatment. These findings highlight the potential of L. plantarum and L. paracasei metabolites for biocontrol applications.

Keywords: biological control; lactic acid bacteria (LAB); banana wilt pathogen; bioactive metabolites

Received: April 29, 2025; Revised: September 30, 2025; Accepted: December 1, 2025; Prepublished online: July 23, 2026 

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