Plant Protection Science, 2022 (vol. 58), issue 1
Nanopesticides: Current status and scope for their application in agricultureReview
Jayant Yadav, Poonam Jasrotia, Prem Lal Kashyap, Ajay Kumar Bhardwaj, Sudheer Kumar, Maha Singh, Gyanendra Pratap Singh
Plant Protect. Sci., 2022, 58(1):1-17 | DOI: 10.17221/102/2020-PPS 
Nanotechnology is a rapidly evolving field that has the potential to revolutionise food systems and counter the present-day challenge of food security. It envisages taking agriculture from the era of indiscriminate natural resource use and environmental degradation to the brave new world of advanced systems with enhanced material use efficiency and targeted applications to reduce crop losses caused due to abiotic-biotic stresses as well as to give due considerations to the environment. To manage plant diseases and insect pests, pesticides are inevitably used in agriculture. However, the higher dosage of these chemicals on a per hectare basis has resulted...
Antagonistic bioagent mechanisms of controlling potato soft rotReview
Richard Osei, Chengde Yang, Lingxiao Cui, Lijuan Wei, Mengjun Jin, Xingying Wei
Plant Protect. Sci., 2022, 58(1):18-30 | DOI: 10.17221/166/2020-PPS
Bacterial antagonists are effective as an alternative to synthetic bactericides in the control of potato soft rot. The use of bioagents reduces the application of synthetic bactericides, which are harmful to humans and the environment. However, the mechanisms of some bioagents, such as some fungi and bacteria, are not yet understood. This paper reviews the current situation of potato soft rot, biological controls, antagonistic bioagents and their mechanisms, application strategies and future directions in today's agriculture. These mechanisms include mycoparasitism, competition, rhizosphere colonisation, synthesis and release of metabolites. Bioagents...
Detection, in silico analysis and molecular diversity of phytoplasmas from solanaceous crops in TurkeyOriginal Paper
Mustafa Usta, Abdullah Güller, Hikmet Murat Sipahioglu
Plant Protect. Sci., 2022, 58(1):31-39 | DOI: 10.17221/115/2021-PPS
Phytoplasma-like symptoms of leaf yellowing and calyx malformation were observed in eggplant (Solanum melongena L.), upward leaves and fruit malformation in pepper (Capsicum annuum L.), and aerial tuber formation in potato (S. tuberosum L.) during the survey performed in the late season (August to September) of 2015 and 2016 in Van province (Turkey). A total of 100 samples were tested by nested-PCR using universal primer pairs to assess the sanitary status of the solanaceous crops and to characterise the phytoplasma isolates. Among them, seven samples resulted in a 1.25 kb DNA fragment, and five (two eggplants, two peppers,...
Control of rice blast disease caused by Magnaporthe oryzae by application of antifungal nanomaterials from Emericella nidulansOriginal Paper
Jiao Jiao Song, Kasem Soytong, Somdej Kanokmedhakul
Plant Protect. Sci., 2022, 58(1):40-48 | DOI: 10.17221/33/2021-PPS
Metabolites of Emericella nidulans (EN) were separated by chromatographic methods from crude hexane included emericellin and sterigmatocystin, while crude ethyl acetate found demethylsterigmatocystin. These metabolites proved to be antagonistic to Magnaporthe oryzae, the causal agent of rice blast. Crude extracts and nano-particles derived from EN inhibited M. oryzae. The ethyl acetate crude extract derived inhibited M. oryzae with an effective dose (ED50) of 66 μg/mL. The nanoparticles showed better inhibition of M. oryzae than crude extracts at low concentrations. Nanoparticles, namely from...
Alternaria leaf spot of broccoli caused by Alternaria alternata in BangladeshOriginal Paper
Sayma Tahsin Nira, Mohammad Farhad Hossain, Nur Uddin Mahmud, Oliul Hassan, Tofazzal Islam, Abdul Mannan Akanda
Plant Protect. Sci., 2022, 58(1):49-56 | DOI: 10.17221/44/2020-PPS
This study aimed to isolate and characterise the pathogen associated with Alternaria leaf spot on broccoli and to evaluate the inhibitory effects of fungicides against it. We isolated and identified the fungal pathogen as Alternaria sp. using morphological and cultural methods. Based on the aligned sequences of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) and molecular phylogenetic analysis by the neighbour-joining method, the isolates (Ab1 and Ab2) were confirmed as Alternaria alternata. The conidia of the isolates were dark brown, cylindrical, obclavate to muriform. The conidiophores were olivaceous brown, septate, and branched. The conidial...
An investigation of the genotoxic and cytotoxic effects of myclobutanil fungicide on plantsOriginal Paper
Ismail Poyraz
Plant Protect. Sci., 2022, 58(1):57-64 | DOI: 10.17221/6/2021-PPS
Myclobutanil is a chemical pesticide commonly used in the production of some vegetables and fruits like greenhouse peppers, grapes, and apples. The aim of this study was to investigate the genotoxic and cytotoxic effects of myclobutanil fungicide on the Allium cepa plant, the model organism. Randomly amplified polymorphic DNA and inter simple sequence repeat-PCR techniques were performed on the DNA of A. cepa exposed to the different myclobutanil doses and time periods. The nucleus anomalies and abnormal anaphases were investigated using a light microscope. PCR analyses showed that myclobutanil causes some DNA sequence changes on...
X-ray based computed tomography, a non-invasive approach in order to assess the damage caused by Lamprodila festiva of hidden lifestyleOriginal Paper
Sándor Keszthelyi, Tamás Sipos, Ádám Csóka, Tamás Donkó
Plant Protect. Sci., 2022, 58(1):65-69 | DOI: 10.17221/78/2021-PPS
The cypress jewel beetle Lamprodila (Palmar) festiva is a wood-boring pest posing a major threat to the phytosanitary conditions of several coniferous trees. Its unprecedented European expansion has triggered serious plant protection concerns in several new habitats. Parts of Chamaecyparis lawsoniana injured by L. festiva were collected and analysed by computed tomography in order to study the dimensions of the cavities caused by L. festiva larvae as well as the larval positions. It is concluded that computer tomography representing a non-invasive approach is a promising tool for the visual depiction...
Performance evaluation of spirodiclofen, spirotetramat and carboxymethyl cellulose-B for management of Cacopsylla pyriOriginal Paper
Đura Nađ, Dušan Marinković
Plant Protect. Sci., 2022, 58(1):70-75 | DOI: 10.17221/110/2021-PPS
The pear psyllid [Cacopsylla pyri (L.), (Hemiptera: Psyllidae)] represents one of the most economically significant pests of pear in Serbia and worldwide. It causes direct damage throughout feeding on young stems and leaves, but also creates favourable conditions for the development of plant diseases. In this article susceptibility of C. pyri to spirodiclofen, spirotetramat, and their combinations with foliar fertilizer (carboxymethyl cellulose-boron, CMC-B) was investigated in order to assess their efficacy. Experiments were conducted in accordance with standard OEPP/EPPO methods, in field trials on two localities in the Republic...
The first report of Plasmopara halstedii race 337 in the Russian FederationShort Communication
Maria Iwebor, Tatiana Antonova, Nina Araslanova, Svetlana Saukova, Yulia Pitinova, Ksenia Eliseeva, Aleksey Belorutskiy
Plant Protect. Sci., 2022, 58(1):76-80 | DOI: 10.17221/85/2021-PPS
Sunflower downy mildew caused by Plasmopara halstedii (Farl.) Berl. et de Toni is a destructive and widespread disease. More than 50 races of P. halstedii have been recorded worldwide. In 2020, in the Russian Federation (Zernogradsky district, Rostov region), a globally new race 337 was identified for the first time. The pathogen was identified on the plants of a foreign sunflower hybrid bearing the resistance gene Pl6. According to the five-digit racial nomenclature, its virulence profile was determined as 337 53. It is the first P. halstedii race recorded in the Russian Federation that simultaneously...