Plant Protect. Sci., 2017, 53(1):1-14 | DOI: 10.17221/53/2016-PPS

Key scale insects (Hemiptera: Coccoidea) of high economic importance in a Mediterranean area: host plants, bio-ecological characteristics, natural enemies and pest management strategies - a reviewReview

Ramzi Mansour1*, Kaouthar Grissa-Lebdi2, Pompeo Suma3, Gaetana Mazzeo3, Agatino Russo3
1 Section of Biological Sciences, Higher Institute for Preparatory Studies in Biology-Geology, La Soukra, University of Carthage, Tunis, Tunisia
2 Department of Plant Protection and Post-harvest Diseases, Laboratory of Entomology, National Agronomic Institute of Tunisia, Cité Mahrajène, University of Carthage, Tunis, Tunisia
3 Dipartimento di Agricoltura, Alimentazione e Ambiente, Sezione Entomologia Applicata, Università
degli Studi di Catania, Catania, Italy

Key scale insects that have long been considered as having high economic importance in Tunisia and for which several research studies and pest management programs have been undertaken include the mealybug species Planococcus ficus (Signoret) and Planococcus citri Risso, the soft scale Saissetia oleae (Olivier) and the armoured scale Parlatoria ziziphi (Lucas). The host plants, bio-ecological aspects, auxiliary fauna of each of the aforementioned species as well as the related economic losses and pest management strategies adopted are explored and discussed. Among these species, P. ficus is considered herein as the most economically important in Tunisia. Still, the present contribution constitutes the first review article on key scale insects infesting plants in the South Mediterranean Maghreb area.

Keywords: Planococcus ficus; Planococcus citri; Saissetia oleae; Parlatoria ziziphi; grapevine; citrus; olive; Integrated Pest Management; Tunisia

Published: March 31, 2017  Show citation

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Mansour R, Grissa-Lebdi K, Suma P, Mazzeo G, Russo A. Key scale insects (Hemiptera: Coccoidea) of high economic importance in a Mediterranean area: host plants, bio-ecological characteristics, natural enemies and pest management strategies - a review. Plant Protect. Sci. 2017;53(1):1-14. doi: 10.17221/53/2016-PPS.
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