Plant Protection Science, 2023 (vol. 59), issue 2
Endophytic fungi of hazelnut (Corylus avellana)Review
Rosario Nicoletti, Beata Zimowska
Plant Protect. Sci., 2023, 59(2):107-123 | DOI: 10.17221/133/2022-PPS 
Results of a vast research activity carried out worldwide in the last decades have demonstrated that endophytic fungi hold a fundamental role in improving plant fitness based on their aptitudes as growth promoters and/or defensive mutualists. These properties may have applicative perspectives in crop production, particularly for tree species such as hazelnut (Corylus avellana), which is mostly cropped extensively in semi-natural contexts of highland regions throughout the temperate zones. The available data on the occurrence, ecological roles, and applications in biotechnology of endophytic fungi associated with hazelnuts are revised in this...
Molecular diagnosis of red rot of sugarcane in Pakistan and in vitro control of isolated pathogen using rhizobacteriaOriginal Paper
Zimen Ahmad, Muhammad Asad Farooq, Amama Fatima, Syeda Gul Nisa, Sania Tabassum, Bushra Ismat, Sundus Waseem, Umer Iqbal, Asma Akbar, Urooj Haroon, Hassan Javed Chaudhary, Tauseef Tabassum, Ahmed Z Dewidar, Abdullah Alaklabi, Muhammad Farooq Hussain Munis
Plant Protect. Sci., 2023, 59(2):124-133 | DOI: 10.17221/45/2022-PPS
Sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L.) is a key cash crop, and its production is influenced by a variety of phytopathogens in different parts of the world. During consecutive field surveys, sugarcane stalks with red rot symptoms were observed in three provinces of Pakistan (Punjab, Sindh, and Khyber Pakhtunkhwa). Cane samples with visible symptoms were plated on Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA) media. Morphological and microscopic observations identified this pathogen as Colletotrichum falcatum. Comparative molecular study of amplified sequences of β-tubulin (Bt) and Actin (ACT) genes showed 100% similarity and ITS sequence...
Comparison of gene expression changes in two wheat varieties with different phenotype to strip rust using RNA-Seq analysisOriginal Paper
Congying Yuan*, Yadi Miao, Huihan Zhang, Shiying Liu, Yaoyao Wang
Plant Protect. Sci., 2023, 59(2):134-144 | DOI: 10.17221/125/2022-PPS
The fungus Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici (Pst) is an important threat to wheat production because it can cause wheat stripe rust. The present study aimed to identify new stripe rust resistance genes and to provide a theoretical and practical basis for breeding wheat varieties with broad spectrum, stable, and durable resistance. Wheat leaves inoculated with wheat stripe rust fungus Chinese yellow rust 34 were collected at different time points for transcriptomic analysis based on the wheat stripe rust susceptible varieties AVOCET S (AVS) and AVSYr15NIL [near-isogenic line (NIL) derived from AVS]. The results showed that the number...
Antimicrobial activity and optimization of Aureobasidin A production by Aureobasidium pullulans PA-2 against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureusOriginal Paper
Liang Cheng, Denggao Yue, Youhai Wei, Haixia Zhu, Hua Weng, Liangzhi Guo, Qingyun Guo
Plant Protect. Sci., 2023, 59(2):145-158 | DOI: 10.17221/173/2021-PPS
This work aims to separate antimicrobial lipopeptides from fermentation by Aureobasidium pullulans PA-2, and verify its antimicrobial activity and the optimum condition of lipopeptide production. Using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis, the lipopeptides with antimicrobial activity was evaluated with the agar well diffusion test. Response surface methodology (RSM) was used to determine optimum conditions for lipopeptides from A. pullulans PA-2. The lipopeptides with antimicrobial activity in the fermentation supernatant of the PA-2 strain was found to be the Aureobasidin A (AbA). In vitro antagonistic...
Effects of fungicides and antagonistic marine-derived fungi on rice seedling promotion and rice sheath blight controlOriginal Paper
Tida Dethoup, Rotchana Klaram, Arom Jantasorn
Plant Protect. Sci., 2023, 59(2):159-173 | DOI: 10.17221/95/2022-PPS
Fourteen fungicides and three marine-derived fungi were tested for their activities in the promotion of rice seedling development and their efficacy in controlling rice sheath blight disease in two rice varieties, RD43 and KMDL105, under greenhouse conditions. The results showed that the rice seeds treated with carbendazim 50%SC and azoxystrobin 25%SC displayed the best promotion of rice growth in root length and shoot height at seven and 14 days in rice var. RD43. Rice seeds from var. KMDL105 treated with thiophanate-methyl 70%WP exhibited significant stimulation of rice seedling growth resulting in the greatest increase in root length and shoot...
Pyrethroid susceptibility and oxidative detoxification mechanism in Colorado potato beetle and western corn rootwormOriginal Paper
Daria Dworzañska, Joanna Zamojska, Pawe³ Wêgorek, Pawe³ K. Bere¶, S³awomir Drzewiecki
Plant Protect. Sci., 2023, 59(2):174-184 | DOI: 10.17221/53/2022-PPS
The Colorado potato beetle (CPB) and the western corn rootworm (WCR) are among the world’s most expansive insect pests. The aim of the study was to assess, for the first time in Poland, the levels of susceptibility to deltamethrin and tau-fluvalinate in the WCR and to determine the current status of susceptibility to those active substances in the CPB. In addition, the role of oxidative metabolism in the detoxification of pyrethroids was determined using piperonyl butoxide (PBO). The study found pyrethroid resistance in the CPB populations. The WCR populations exhibited “high susceptibility”, “susceptibility”, “low...
Flight activity of aphids in Serbia: investigation by water traps placed in sugar beet fieldsOriginal Paper
Olivera Petroviæ-Obradoviæ, ®ivko Æurèiæ, ®eljko Milovac, Andja Radonjiæ
Plant Protect. Sci., 2023, 59(2):185-192 | DOI: 10.17221/130/2022-PPS
Plant viruses, and aphids as their vectors, are limiting factors in sugar beet production. Viral plant diseases are currently impossible to treat but knowing the flight patterns of aphids can help in reducing the number of potential virus vectors. Monitoring of aphid flight activities in sugar beet fields was done using yellow water traps from April to the end of November. During the two years of investigation, a total of 5514 specimens from 75 different taxa were collected. The highest number of individuals was recorded at the end of May/beginning of June at all localities. This is the period when sugar beet develops intensively, so the risk...
The influence of temperature on the biological activity of selected nematode species (Steinernematidae and Heterorhabditidae) under the conditions of their coexistenceOriginal Paper
Magdalena Dziêgielewska, Krystian Kaczmarek, Katarzyna Kruk
Plant Protect. Sci., 2023, 59(2):193-201 | DOI: 10.17221/104/2022-PPS
The presented study is concerned with infectivity of select entomopathogenic nematode species under different temperature conditions (15, 20 and 25 °C) in the presence of competing species. Two species of nematodes of the genus Steinernema (S. kraussei, S. feltiae) and two of the genus Heterorhabditis (H. bacteriophora and H. megidis) were included in the analysis. Different experimental variants were adopted in which the selected two entomopathogenic nematode species were mixed between Steinernema and Heterorhabditis. The study showed that Heterorhabditis and Steinernema cannot...
Effects of Pseudomonas chlororaphis strain AFS009 and Beauveria bassiana strain GHA against Plumeria rust in HawaiiShort Communication
Philip Waisen, Zhiqiang Cheng, Richard Criley
Plant Protect. Sci., 2023, 59(2):202-207 | DOI: 10.17221/86/2022-PPS
This study examined the effects of beneficial rhizobacterium Pseudomonas chlororaphis strain AFS009 and entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana strain GHA against plumeria rust Coleosporium plumeriae. Two preemptive or three curative laboratory experiments and a curative field experiment were conducted to examine the effects of these commercially available biocontrol products. Treatments included the application of B. bassiana at 1.23 g/L and P. chlororaphis at 3 or 9 g/L. Systemic fungicide azoxystrobin applied at 0.12 g/L and water were included as positive and negative controls, respectively. While its effect...