Plant Protect. Sci., 2023, 59(4):356-368 | DOI: 10.17221/111/2022-PPS

Assessing the insecticidal effect of Citrus aurantium and Nerium oleander extracts and basalt "Farina di Basalto®“ as biological alternatives to control Aphis punicae and Planococcus citri in an organic pomegranate orchardOriginal Paper

Mohamed Elimem1*, Rym Jaouadi1, Thameur Bouslema2, Maha Kalboussi1, Chaima Lahfef1,3, Slim Rouz1, Hassan Kharroubi4, Abdennacer Boulila5, Sofien Kouki4, Giuliano Ragnoni6, Gianluca Pizzuti6, Fabio Primavera6, Alessandro Riccini6
1 Laboratory of Agriculture Production Systems and Sustainable Development (LR03AGR02), Department of Agricultural Production, Higher School of Agriculture of Mograne, University of Carthage, Mograne-Zaghouan, Tunisia
2 LR21AGR03-Production and Protection for a Sustainable Horticulture, University of Sousse, 10 Regional Research Centre on Horticulture and Organic Agriculture, Chott-11 Mariem, Tunisia
3 National Institute of Agronomy of Tunis, University of Carthage, Tunis, Tunisia
4 Higher School of Engineer of Medjez El Beb, University of Jendouba, Medjez ElBeb, Béja, Tunisia
5 Laboratory of Natural Substances, National Institute of Research and Physico-chemical Analyses, Biotechpole of Sidi Thabet, Ariana, Tunisia
6 Basalti Orvieto srl –Loc Cornale, Castek Viscardo, Italy

This study aims to evaluate the efficiency of basalt with two botanical aqueous extracts of Citrus aurantium and Nerium oleander (50g/L) against Aphis punicae and Planococcus citri in an organic pomegranate orchard. Basalt was applied as a foliar spray with two doses (1.5% and 3%), in the ground as a fertiliser (1.5%), and as a combined application (1.5%). Phenolic compounds of both plants were identified by HPLC-PDA/ESI-MS analysis. Seven and six flavonoids were detected in C. aurantium and N. oleander extracts, respectively. Hesperidin was more abundant in C. aurantium extracts; however, N. oleander extracts contained more quercetin rutinoside. A. punicae populations were significantly higher in control trees compared to the treated ones. A. punicae mortality rates reached high values above 90% for basalt and plants extracts and efficacy rates exceeded 80%. P. citri mortality rates reached 88% and 77%, and efficacy rates exceeded 75% and 66% for basalt and plant extracts, respectively. These findings may help to plan Integrated pest management strategies in organic orchards to avoid toxic chemical pesticides.

Keywords: basalt; biological control; extracts; efficacy rate; HPLC; mortality rate

Accepted: September 19, 2023; Prepublished online: November 9, 2023; Published: November 28, 2023  Show citation

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Elimem M, Jaouadi R, Bouslema T, Kalboussi M, Lahfef C, Rouz S, et al.. Assessing the insecticidal effect of Citrus aurantium and Nerium oleander extracts and basalt "Farina di Basalto®“ as biological alternatives to control Aphis punicae and Planococcus citri in an organic pomegranate orchard. Plant Protect. Sci. 2023;59(4):356-368. doi: 10.17221/111/2022-PPS.
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