Plant Protect. Sci., 2024, 60(1):65-79 | DOI: 10.17221/91/2023-PPS

Antifungal effect of fresh and stored olive mill wastewater and its ethyl acetate extract against plant pathogenic fungiOriginal Paper

Raja Jarboui1,2, Mona Saber Azab1,3, Hallouma Bilel4, Shaima M.N. Moustafa1,5
1 Department of Biology, College of Science, Jouf University, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia
2 Laboratory of Environment Sciences and Sustainable Development, Sfax University, Preparatory Institute of Engineering Studies of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
3 Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Benha University, Benha, Egypt
4 Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Jouf University, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia
5 5Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Minia University, El-Minia, Egypt

Olive mill wastewater (OMW) has serious environmental implications due to its high organic matter content, particularly its phenolic compounds. Using OMW in crop protection has been suggested as an environmentally friendly alternative to reduce the impact of chemical pesticides on human health and the environment. This study aimed to investigate the antifungal activity of fresh and stored OMW, as well as its ethyl acetate extract, against several phytopathogenic fungi: Syncephalastrum racemosum, Paramyrothecium roridum, Fusarium oxysporum, and Verticillium dahliae. OMW was stored at 25 °C and 45 °C for three months, and both fresh and stored OMW were used in non-sterile, sterile, and centrifuged conditions. Phenolic and flavonoid compounds were extracted and identified by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis. Results showed that fresh OMW and its derivative compounds significantly inhibited the studied fungi. In contrast, OMW storage, sterilization, and centrifugation increased the mycelium growth of the fungi, particularly S. racemosum, which demonstrated relative resistance to stored OMW and its ethyl acetate extract. During storage, some phenolic and flavonoid compounds disappeared (resorcinol and vanillic acid), while the concentration of others increased (gallic acid, chlorogenic acid, and quercetin). This work highlights the potential use of fresh OMW as a bio-agent to protect plants from fungal diseases.

Keywords: crop protection; antifungal activity; phytopathogenic fungi; phenolic compounds; storage

Received: August 25, 2023; Revised: December 6, 2023; Accepted: December 19, 2023; Published: February 21, 2024  Show citation

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Jarboui R, Saber Azab M, Bilel H, Moustafa SMN. Antifungal effect of fresh and stored olive mill wastewater and its ethyl acetate extract against plant pathogenic fungi. Plant Protect. Sci. 2024;60(1):65-79. doi: 10.17221/91/2023-PPS.
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