Plant Protection Science, 2001 (vol. 37), issue 3

Wheat leaf rust races/pathotypes in Slovakia in 1999-2000Original Paper

Pavel Bartoš, Jozef Huszár, Alena Hanzalová, Eva Herzová

Plant Protect. Sci., 2001, 37(3):81-90 | DOI: 10.17221/8369-PPS  

Virulence of the wheat leaf rust populations of 1999 and 2000 from Slovakia was studied on Thatcher near-isogenic lines (NILs) with genes Lr1, Lr2a, Lr2b, Lr2c, Lr3a, Lr9, Lr10 (only in 2000), Lr11, Lr15, Lr17, Lr19, Lr21, Lr23, Lr24, Lr26 and Lr28. Seven pathotypes were determined from 36 rust samples in 1999, and 17 pathotypes from 45 rust samples in 2000. The frequency of virulence on Lr1, Lr2a and Lr2b was relatively low, and there was no virulence on Lr9, Lr19,...

Incidence of Pyrenophora avenae Ito et Kurib. in Europe between 1994-1998, and the varietal reaction of oats to itOriginal Paper

Josef Šebesta, Bruno Zwatz, Hywel W. Roderick, Luciana Corazza, Maria Halina Starzyk, Lars Reitan, Igor Loskutov

Plant Protect. Sci., 2001, 37(3):91-95 | DOI: 10.17221/8370-PPS  

In Europe in the period 1994-1998, Helminthosporium leaf blotch disease was recorded in Austria, Belarus, Bulgaria, the Czech Republic, Estonia, Finland, Hungary, Italy, Norway, Poland, Russia and Yugoslavia. There was large variation in the quantitative reaction of oat (Avena sativa L.) genotypes to this disease, ranging from a disease resistance index (DRI) of 71 with cv. Kasadra to 16 with cv. Pan. Oat genotypes such as Kasadra, Pc 60, Pc 61, IL 86-6404, IL 86-1158, Rodney M, Pg 15, Cc 4761, Vermiou, Roxton, IL 85-6467, IL 85-2069, Pc 54-2, Orlando, OM 1387, Pc 59, KR 3813/73, IL 86-4189, Pc 68, Melys, OA 503-1, KR 288/73L/569,...

Aggregation of ground beetles (Carabidae, Coleoptera) on winter rape seeds dispersed on the groundOriginal Paper

Alois Honěk, Zdenka Martinková

Plant Protect. Sci., 2001, 37(3):97-102 | DOI: 10.17221/8371-PPS  

The preference of adult polyphagous ground beetles (Carabidae, Coleoptera) for winter rape seeds was investigated using an indirect method. Rape seeds were scattered around pitfall traps. The catches of carabid beetles in these traps and control traps without seeds were compared. The traps were exposed in two stands of winter wheat. In the wheat stand where overall carabid activity density was high, the presence of rape seeds significantly increased the catches of total seed-eating carabids, and of the two species Pseudoophonus rufipes and Calathus fuscipes. The effect was not significant in the other wheat stand where activity density...

Laboratory study of larval food requirements in nine species of Amara (Coleoptera: Cara-bidae)Original Paper

Pavel Saska, Vojtěch Jarošík

Plant Protect. Sci., 2001, 37(3):103-110 | DOI: 10.17221/8372-PPS  

Food requirements of the larvae of nine closely related species of the genus Amara (Coleoptera: Carabidae) were studied in the laboratory. Mealworms, a mixed diet of mealworms and oat flakes, and seeds of Capsella bursa-pastoris and Stellaria media were offered as food. Survival and developmental rate were monitored daily from the 1st larval instar. Amara aenea is omnivorous while A. similata and A. familiaris are granivorous in the larval stage. Larvae of A. familiaris appeared to be specialist feeders of seeds of Stellaria media. The larvae of all three species are probably important...

Bionomics of Acarus siro L. (Acarina: Acaridae) on oilseedsOriginal Paper

Radek Fejt, Eva Žďárková

Plant Protect. Sci., 2001, 37(3):111-114 | DOI: 10.17221/8373-PPS  

The bionomics of Acarus siro was studied at 18 and 20°C and 70 and 80% R.H. on wheat germs, linseed, rapeseed and sunflowers to obtain data for optimisation of biological control of stored product mites on oilseeds. Wheat germs were used as a control substrate as they were considered optimal for development of A. siro. The development of eggs and larvae was longer than that of protonymphs and tritonymphs. Wheat germs appeared to be a better substrate for the development of mites than oilseeds. Generally, the life span of females as well as the oviposition period was shortest on wheat germs while longest on sunflower; also, at the...

Sensitivity of kochia (Kochia scoparia [L.] Schrader) from three localities to selected sulfonylureas, imazapyr and atrazineOriginal Paper

Daniela Chodová, Jan Mikulka

Plant Protect. Sci., 2001, 37(3):115-120 | DOI: 10.17221/8374-PPS  

The presence of kochia (Kochia scoparia [L.] Schrader) was discovered at three new localities with different histories of imazapyr use. At the locality Jihlava, kochia was resistant to imazapyr and cross resistant to nine sulfonylureas after long-term applications of imazapyr. At Ћiћkov and Karlín most kochia plants were sensitive to all tested sulfonylureas. Plants showed the highest level of resistance to triflusulfuron. Plants of all three populations were sensitive to atrazine. After treatment with all tested herbicides the fresh matter of aboveground parts of the populations at Žižkov and Kolín was reduced in comparison with...

Seedling establishment early on an abandoned fieldOriginal Paper

Jindra Štolcová

Plant Protect. Sci., 2001, 37(3):121-127 | DOI: 10.17221/8375-PPS  

The effect of sporadic cultivation on seedling establishment on a field abandoned for 1-4 years was investigated in small-plot trials at Prague-Ruzyně in the spring periods 1993-1995. Cultivation included autumn ploughing, spring harrowing and rolling on all plots that were subsequently left to spontaneous weed infestation. Some plots were then mowed or shallowly cultivated in mid-June and late July, others were left without treatment. No significant differences in seedling establishment were found between plots with different treatments. The number of species varied between years, but without a trend to species enrichment or impoverishment. In all...