Plant Protection Science, 2006 (vol. 42), issue 1
Effect of Bt-maize on epigeic spiders (Araneae) and harvestmen (Opiliones)
Milan Řezáč, Stano Pekár, František Kocourek
Plant Protect. Sci., 2006, 42(1):1-8 | DOI: 10.17221/2689-PPS 
The effect of two strategies, used to control Ostrinia nubialis, on the abundance and diversity of epigeic spiders and harvestmen in maize was monitored. The two strategies were (1) transgenic insect-resistant maize, and (2) biological control by Trichogramma wasps on an isogenic maize hybrid. They were compared with a conventional system (isogenic maize hybrid), which was taken as the control. The investigation was performed at two localities (Ivanovice na Hané and Prague) in the Czech Republic from 2002 to 2004. Spiders (Araneae) and harvestmen (Opiliones) were collected by means of pitfall traps. We found that the annual abundance...
Toxicity to honeybees of water guttation and dew collected from winter rape treated with Nurelle D®
Mahmoud Abd-Allah Shawki, Dalibor Titěra, Jan Kazda, Jana Kohoutková, Vladimír Táborský
Plant Protect. Sci., 2006, 42(1):9-14 | DOI: 10.17221/2690-PPS
The acute and chronic toxicity to honeybees, Apis mellifera of water guttation and dew collected from winter rape plants treated with the insecticide Nurelle D® (a.i. chlorpyriphos + cypermethrin) was investigated. Caged bees were fed on sugar syrup containing water guttation and dew for 24 h (acute toxicity test) and for 10 days (chronic toxicity test). Bee mortality and food consumption were determined daily. A contact toxicity test was performed within 24 h on bees kept in Petri dishes (10 bees per dish) lined with filter paper saturated with the test solution. The acute Nurelle D® contact and oral toxicity...
Reaction of winter wheat cultivars and breeding lines to Blumeria graminis f.sp. tritici
Lubomír Věchet
Plant Protect. Sci., 2006, 42(1):15-20 | DOI: 10.17221/2691-PPS
During 4 years, 27 cultivars and breeding lines of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum) were tested in small plot experiments for resistance to powdery mildew fungus. The most resistant were Frimegu, RE9607, Runal, Asset, Folke and Wasmo. The cultivars Asta (Pm2,6) and Vlasta (Pm2,6 and another not determined specific gene or minor genes of resistance) fall into resistant cultivars. It seems that the specific genes of resistance Pm2 and Pm6 are still very effective against the present Czech population of powdery mildew on wheat. Resistance of the cultivars Hereward and Tarso, having the gene of resistance Pm8,...
Survey of incidence of bunts (Tilletia caries and Tilletia controversa) in the Czech Republic and susceptibility of winter wheat cultivars
Marie Váňová, Pavel Matušinský, Jaroslav Benada
Plant Protect. Sci., 2006, 42(1):21-25 | DOI: 10.17221/2692-PPS
Bunts (caused by Tilletia caries and T. controversa) belong to very important diseases of winter wheat because contaminated commodities (seeds, foods and feeds) affect the marketability of the crop on both domestic and export markets. They can be relatively easily controlled by chemical seed treatments. Due to the availability of effective chemical control, the reaction of wheat cultivars to bunts has so far not been an important trait for plant breeders in some areas of the world. However, if synthetic chemicals are not allowed, like in organic farming, untreated seed may quickly lead to a build-up of bunt to levels that render the...
Influence of droplet spectra on the efficiency of contact fungicides and mixtures of contact and systemic fungicides
Martin Prokop, Karel Veverka
Plant Protect. Sci., 2006, 42(1):26-33 | DOI: 10.17221/2693-PPS
The effects of droplet spectra, spray volume, and the addition of an adjuvant to the spray solution against Phytophthora infestans were evaluated using contact fungicides, mixtures of contact and systemic fungicides, and a contact fungicide + an adjuvant. Six droplet spectra, ranging from VMD = 183 µm to VMD = 939 µm, were used. The spray volumes were 300, 450 and 600 l/ha for the contact fungicides, and 300 l/ha was used for the mix of contact with systemic fungicides. No significant differences in efficiency were observed between different droplet spectra when used for the mix of contact with systemic fungicide treatments. However,...
First report of Pepper mild mottle virus in pepper seeds produced in the Czech Republic - Short Communication
Jiří Svoboda, Gabriela Červená, Jaroslava Rodová, Milan Jokeš
Plant Protect. Sci., 2006, 42(1):34-37 | DOI: 10.17221/2694-PPS
Symptoms of viral infection were observed on plants of pepper, cv. OL 228, raised from commercial seeds of Czech origin in a greenhouse in the year 2002. Infected plants showed mosaic or mottling on leaves, and necrotic depressions on fruits. Straight, rod-shaped viral particles of about 300 nm, indicating a tobamovirus infection, were found by electron microscope. ELISA produced negative reactions for Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) but positive reactions with an antiserum to Pepper mild mottle virus (PMMoV). In biological characterisation using pepper cultivars with the L1, L2, L3 and L4 tobamovirus resistance genes it was found that...