Plant Protection Science, 2008 (vol. 44), issue 1
Interactions of Plum pox virus strain Rec with Apple chlorotic leafspot virus and Prune dwarf viruses in field-grown transgenic plum Prunus domestica L., clone C5
Jaroslav POLÁK, Michel RAVELONANDRO, Jiban KUMAR-KUNDU, Jitka PÍVALOVÁ, Ralph SCORZA
Plant Protect. Sci., 2008, 44(1):1-5 | DOI: 10.17221/535-PPS 
Transgenic plums, Prunus domestica L. clone C5, were inoculated by bud grafting with Plum pox virus (PPV-Rec, recombinant strain originated from plum), PPV-Rec + Apple chlorotic leafspot virus (ACLSV), PPV-Rec + Prune dwarf virus (PDV), and PPV-Rec + ACLSV + PDV. Non-inoculated transgenic plums served as controls. Plants were grown in an open field for 5 years. They were evaluated by visible symptoms, by DAS-ELISA and RT-PCR. Mild PPV symptoms, diffuse spots or rings appeared two years after inoculation in some leaves of plants artificially inoculated with PPV-Rec, PPV-Rec + ACLSV, PPV-Rec + PDV, and PPV-Rec + ACLSV...
The production of antiserum against Myrobalan latent ringspot virus for detection of the virus using ELISA
Jaroslav POLÁK
Plant Protect. Sci., 2008, 44(1):6-8 | DOI: 10.17221/518-PPS
Myrobalan latent ringspot virus (MLRSV) was purified from the extract of infected Chenopodiumquinoa Willd., using n-octanol, differential centrifugation, and saccharose gradient centrifugation. Electron microscopy showed 28 nm large isometric particles in a sample of purified virus. Antiserum to MLRSV was prepared by immunisation of rabbits with intravenous injections of antigen in combination with intramuscular injections of antigen with Freund's adjuvant. The antibody titer of the obtained antiserum was determined by drop-precipitation method to be 1:1024. Immunoglobulins against MLRSV were isolated from antiserum with...
Evaluation of virulence of Fusarium solani isolates on pea
Michal Ondřej, Radmila Dostálová, Rudolf Trojan
Plant Protect. Sci., 2008, 44(1):9-18 | DOI: 10.17221/519-PPS
The virulence of 166 Fusarium solani isolates collected in the Czech Republic from infected pea plants was evaluated. Based on the ability to produce phytotoxic naphtarazin (DHF - dihydrofusarubin), only two isolates from this collection (designated FS VG and FS We) corresponded with the characteristics of f.sp. pisi. Suitability and effectiveness of two methods of inoculation based on soaking of seed in the inoculum were evaluated. The possibility to use mixtures of inocula of different species (F. solani f.sp. pisi + F. oxysporum f.sp. pisi races 1 and 2) and of mixtures of two isolates with different...
Effect of temperature on the developmental rate, longevity and parasitism of Aphidius ervi Haliday (Hymenoptera: Aphidiidae)
Radovan Malina, Ján Praslička
Plant Protect. Sci., 2008, 44(1):19-24 | DOI: 10.17221/534-PPS
Temperature-dependent development, longevity and parasitism of the parasitoid Aphidius ervi Haliday was measured at four constant temperatures between 15°C and 30°C using Aphis pomi de Geer as host. The thresholds for egg-mummy and mummy-adult development were 6.8°C and 3.9°C, respectively. Development into mummies required an average of 146.3 degree-days (DD), while development into adults took an average of 85.3 DD. Longevity was increasing linearly in the range from 15°C to 25°C (8-15 days), but was lower at 30°C (11 days). The relationship between parasitism, recorded as percent aphids mummified, and temperature was increasing...
Spectrum of the pests on cereal crops and influence of soil fertilisation
Ján GALLO, Monika JELOKOVÁ
Plant Protect. Sci., 2008, 44(1):25-31 | DOI: 10.17221/536-PPS
Our research was realised on spring barley and winter wheat in Nitra-Dolná Malanta during 2004-2006. We found that the total occurrence of the pests had decreasing tendency. The flea beetle (Phyllotreta), thrips (Thysanoptera) and cereal leaf beetle (Oulema gallaeciana) had the highest occurrences. More pests occurred on non-fertilised variants than on fertilised ones in 2004. During 2005 and 2006 there were more pests on the fertilised variants. The effect of fertilisation was the same for spring barley and winter wheat.
Cohabitation and intraleaf distribution of phytoseiid mites (Acari: Phytoseiidae) on leaves of Corylus avellana
Jan KABÍČEK
Plant Protect. Sci., 2008, 44(1):32-36 | DOI: 10.17221/3/2008-PPS
Leaves from uncultivated and unsprayed hazelnut shrubs, Corylus avellana, were sampled from June to August 2005 to obtain information on the phytoseiid mite taxocenoses, population density and intraleaf distribution. Six phytoseiid mite species were identified, of which three, Kampimodromus aberrans, Euseius finlandicus and Neoseiulella tiliarum, were more abundant. The eudominant, slowly moving K. aberrans was found on all leaf samples. Phytoseiid population density averaged 3.16 mites per hazelnut leaf. While on most leaves only one phytoseiid species was found, on some there was cohabitation of two (rarely...
The potential of Beauveria brongniartii and botanical insecticides based on Neem to control Otiorhynchus sulcatus larvae in containerised plants
Jolanta KOWALSKA
Plant Protect. Sci., 2008, 44(1):37-40 | DOI: 10.17221/521-PPS
Otiorhynchus sulcatus is considered as an important pest of strawberry fields and on potted ornamental plants. The efficacy to control this pest by new Polish products containing azadirachtin and the entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria brongniartii were tested. The aim of the laboratory investigation was to assess the influence of different forms of azadirachtin (A and B) and the entomopathogen on mortality and physiological development of the insect. Mortality after treatment ranged between 86-93%. There were significant differences in the mean number of surviving stages of the insect between Beauveria and neem treatments,...