Plant Protection Science, 2011 (vol. 47), issue 2

Changes in the population of Blumeria graminis f.sp. hordei in the Czech Republic from 2009 to 2010

Antonín DREISEITL

Plant Protect. Sci., 2011, 47(2):43-51 | DOI: 10.17221/44/2010-PPS  

Virulences to powdery mildew resistances in barley cultivars mostly carrying unknown resistances were determined in 2009 and 2010. Random spore samples of the airborne pathogen populations originating from winter and spring barley fields were obtained by means of a mobile version of a jet spore sampler by travelling across theCzech Republic. In total 301 isolates were studied, 55 differentials carrying mostly unknown resistances were used and 80 pathotypes were found, of which 26 representing 73.1% of isolates were detected in both years. Virulence frequencies showed a wide range from 0% to 100%. Complexity of the 2010 population slightly increased,...

Occurrence of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (Lib) de Bary and Diaporthe (Phomopsis) helianthi Munt.-Cvet. et al. on Iva xanthiifolia Nutt. in Slovak Republic

Jozef Huszár

Plant Protect. Sci., 2011, 47(2):52-54 | DOI: 10.17221/43/2010-PPS  

The polyphagous pathogen Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (Lib) de Bary causes significant diseases of sunflower and oil-seed rape while Diaporthe wilt, invoked by the pathogen Diaporthe (Phomopsis) helianthi Munt-Cvet. et al., is another important disease of sunflower in Slovakia. Since 2001 we have identified S. sclerotiorum on Iva xanthiifolia Nutt. in three locations and the infestation of I. xanthiifolia by D. helianthi has been observed only in one location of western Slovakia. The infestation of I. xanthiifolia by Sclerotinia disease and by D. helianthi...

Tolerance of blackgrass (Alopecurus myosuroide) to sylfonylurea herbicides in the Czech Republic

Lucie Slavíková, Jan Mikulka, Jiban Kumar Kundu

Plant Protect. Sci., 2011, 47(2):55-61 | DOI: 10.17221/13/2010-PPS  

Seeds of three blackgrass populations fromSouthern Bohemiawere collected in 2007-2008. Biological tests with chlorsulfuron were performed at the 2-3 leaf stage. Some plants survived after treatment with the highest dose 37.5 g/ha. Biological tests showed a resistant phenotype to chlorsulfuron. Leaves of these plants were analysed by dCAPS assay. Two domains of ALS gene: domain A ‒ P197 and domain B ‒ W574 were targeted by PCR with regenerated primers P197 containing BamHI site and W574 containing site BstXI. PCR products of all tested samples were cleaved by BamHI in the codon P197. No mutation of proline in P197 was found out. The codon...

Biological control of plant parasitic nematodes: prospects and challenges for the poor Africa farmer

Nnennaya O. Agbenin

Plant Protect. Sci., 2011, 47(2):62-67 | DOI: 10.17221/46/2010-PPS  

Africacontains a larger part of world's developing countries with their associated problems of food security and healthy environment. Pollution and its grave consequences are among the greatest challenges of the tropics and affect the choice of management strategies in agriculture. Biocontrol as an integral part of management is an attractive option for plant parasitic nematodes that should be pursued besides the cultural practices of crop rotation and organic amendment to include the use of microorganisms isolated, cultured and packaged in the tropics for tropical farmers. Exploring biocontrol in nematode management is yet unattainable for the tropical...

Biology of Trioza apicalis - a review

Pavel Láska

Plant Protect. Sci., 2011, 47(2):68-78 | DOI: 10.17221/1/2011-PPS  

The morphology and biology of immature stages and the distinguishing characters of generations in summer are briefly reviewed. The time of migration of the overwintered generation and the use of the median flight time are given. The longevity of overwintered adults, and the start and course of oviposition by overwintered females were observed mainly during June and July. The interval between adult emergence and flights from carrots appears to be very short, 2-3 days. Departure from developmental summer host plants culminates at the beginning of September. The sex ratio of the overwintered generation is not persistent, since it is usually female-biased....

Professor Aleš Lebeda at sixty - Biografical notice

V. Kůdela, K. Reinink, R. Singh, M.P. Widrlechner

Plant Protect. Sci., 2011, 47(2):79-82 | DOI: 10.17221/20/2011-PPS