Plant Protection Science, 2015 (vol. 51), issue 2
Cochliobolus heterostrophus T-toxin gene expression modulation via G protein and MAPK pathwaysOriginal Paper
Ofir DEGANI
Plant Protect. Sci., 2015, 51(2):53-60 | DOI: 10.17221/67/2014-PPS 
The role of G-protein and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) in filamentous fungi has been studied for over a decade, but downstream elements are less known. Here, we used microarray and Northern blot analysis to examine the involvement of these signalling pathways in controlling the knownCochliobolus heterostrophus T-toxin biosynthetic gene, DEC1, whose control is important in epidemic prevention. Comparison of the expression profile in wild-type strains and in G-protein and MAPK signalling deficient mutants revealed a unique, environmental-dependent control mechanism for the DEC1 gene. The results suggest, for the...
Real time PCR quantification of Sclerotium rolfsii in chilli tissue and soilOriginal Paper
Yu-Han GAO, Wu MIAO, Rong-Jun GUO, Shi-Dong LI
Plant Protect. Sci., 2015, 51(2):61-66 | DOI: 10.17221/43/2014-PPS
Root rot disease caused by Sclerotium rolfsii is one of the important factors limiting chilli production in southern China. Rapid methods of detection and identification of S. rolfsii are required for disease prediction and management. Herein, we adapted a four-step real time quantitative PCR method to detect S. rolfsii using new designed primer pair S301S/S301A. By using this assay, S. rolfsii was detected in ten soil samples and eight plant samples at concentrations as low as 10-7 g mycelium/g soil or plant, both with and without typical symptoms, while tissue-culturing method...
Changes in virulence frequencies and higher fitness of simple pathotypes in the Czech population of Blumeria graminis f.sp. hordei Original Paper
Antonín DREISEITL
Plant Protect. Sci., 2015, 51(2):67-73 | DOI: 10.17221/96/2014-PPS
The employment of specific genes, which determine host resistance to avirulent pathotypes of the pathogen, is not recommended for protecting barley against powdery mildew (Blumeria graminis f.sp. hordei). However, most barley varieties still possess specific resistance genes to this pathogen. The effectiveness of such resistances was determined by assessing virulence frequency using randomly collected Czech population samples of 521 pathogen isolates from the air tested on 29 barley differential varieties over a four-year period. Most virulence frequencies did not show major changes, but the frequencies on the winter cv. Laverda and...
Determination of fungal pathogens associated with Cuminum cyminum in TurkeyOriginal Paper
Göksel ÖZER, Harun BAYRAKTAR
Plant Protect. Sci., 2015, 51(2):74-79 | DOI: 10.17221/51/2014-PPS
The occurrence of fungal pathogens, associated with cumin production of Turkey, was determined during 2011 and 2012. A total of 379 isolates were classified as Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cumini, F. solani, F. acuminatum, F. equiseti, F. sambucinum, F. avenaceum, Macrophomina phaseolina, Alternaria burnsii, A. alternata, A. infectoria, Embellisia sp., and Rhizoctonia solani. Pathogenicity tests showed that F. oxysporum f.sp. cumini, F. solani, F. equiseti, M. phaseolina, A. burnsii, and A. alternata...
Effect of formulated bioorganic containing Burkholderia GanoEB2 in suppressing Ganoderma disease in oil palm seedlingsOriginal Paper
Norsilan Ili Nadhrah, Rosimah Nulit, Ramli Nurrashyeda, Abu Seman Idris
Plant Protect. Sci., 2015, 51(2):80-87 | DOI: 10.17221/26/2014-PPS
The ability of Burkholderia GanoEB2 formulated in two different bioorganic powders as carriers - bioorganic empty fruit bunch (BEFB) and real strong bioorganic fertilizer (RSBF), and the efficacies of Burkholderia GanoEB2 in suppressing Ganoderma boninense infection in oil palm seedlings were determined. Results showed that the highest reduction in disease incidence (DI, 18.2%), severity of foliar symptoms (SFS, 26.6%), and disease severity foliar index (DSFI, 27.7%) was achieved by the seedlings treated with RSBF containing Burkholderia GanoEB2 compared to the seedlings treated with BEFB containing Burkholderia...
The first detection of leafhopper Scaphoideus titanus Ball (Hemiptera, Cicadellidae) in SlovakiaOriginal Paper
Monika TÓTHOVÁ, Peter BOKOR, Ľudovít CAGÁŇ
Plant Protect. Sci., 2015, 51(2):88-93 | DOI: 10.17221/64/2014-PPS
Scaphoideus titanus Ball, the main vector of Flavescence dorée phytoplasma, was monitored in Slovakia during 2013 and 2014. The species was present in the vineyards of eastern Slovakia but it was rarely found in the south of central part of the country. It was also found at many locations of western Slovakia but not in the southeast of western Slovakia. Higher abundance of S. titanus was detected in the vineyards with biological control. Varietal preference of the leafhopper was not confirmed. The first nymphs were found on June 5 and the last nymphs on July 17, adults occurred from the end of June to the end of September. There is...
Meligethes aeneus (Coleoptera: Nitidulidae) resistance to lambda-cyhalothrin in the Czech Republic in 2012 and 2013Original Paper
Marek SEIDENGLANZ, Jana POSLUŠNÁ, Jiří ROTREKL, Pavel KOLAŘÍK, Eva HRUDOVÁ, Pavel TÓTH, Jiří HAVEL, Milena BERNARDOVÁ
Plant Protect. Sci., 2015, 51(2):94-107 | DOI: 10.17221/40/2014-PPS
Susceptibility of Meligethes aeneus populations from the Czech Republic and Slovakia was tested with lambda-cyhalothrin (93 populations in 2012, 82 populations in 2013) using IRAC method No. 011 Version 3. Resistant populations predominated in both years. The mean percentage mortalities for a common European field rate of 7.5 g a.i./ha were 60.95% in 2012 and 61.36% in 2013 (according to Abbott's formula). The LC50 values estimated for the tested populations exceeded the European field rate in many cases (22.09% of populations in 2012 and 17.14% in 2013). Only in 10.47% and 7.14% of populations the LC90 values were below...
Interaction of two neonicotinoid insecticides and Lr genes focusing wheat growth and residuesOriginal Paper
Zoran JERKOVIĆ, Željana PRIJIĆ, Radivoje JEVTIĆ, Mirjana LALOŠEVIĆ
Plant Protect. Sci., 2015, 51(2):108-113 | DOI: 10.17221/35/2014-PPS
Seedlings of ten Lr near-isogenic lines (NIL) and four wheat lines with enhanced resistance to Puccinia triticina were treated with overdosed neonicotinoid insecticides. The enzyme of Lr 20 gene accelerated thiacloprid degradation while Lr 29 gene accelerated thiamethoxam degradation according to NILs upper plant parts lengths reduction by 6% or 10% six days after the last of three daily treatments. Lr 27 and Lr 33 effects were intermediate on thiamethoxam but only in the driest conditions. Among other NILs the growth was increased 1-5% by N faster release of S or Cl. The accumulation of Lr 20 and Lr 9 facilitated treatment...