Plant Protection Science, 2020 (vol. 56), issue 1
Biological effects of oomycetes elicitinsReview
Martina Janků, Lucie Činčalová, Lenka Luhová, Jan Lochman, Marek Petřivalský
Plant Protect. Sci., 2020, 56(1):1-8 | DOI: 10.17221/21/2019-PPS 
Successful plant defence responses to pathogen challenges are based on fast and specific pathogen recognition and plant reaction mechanisms. Elicitins, proteinaceous elicitors secreted by the Phytophthora and Pythium species, were first described in Phytophthora culture filtrates as proteins able to induce a hypersensitive response (HR) and resistance in tobacco at low concentrations. Later, they were classified as microbial-associated molecular patterns (MAMPs) able to induce defences in a variety of plant species. In this review, we present a comprehensive summary of the actual knowledge on the representative elicitins...
An assessment of the transmission rate of Tomato black ring virus through tomato seedsOriginal Paper
Henryk Pospieszny, Natasza Borodynko-Filas, Beata Hasiów-Jaroszewska, Bartosz Czerwonka, Santiago F. Elena
Plant Protect. Sci., 2020, 56(1):9-12 | DOI: 10.17221/33/2019-PPS
Tomato black ring virus (TBRV) infects a wide range of economically important plants, and is distributed worldwide. TBRV is transmitted by soil-inhabiting nematodes. However, a long-distance dispersion is possible via seeds and pollen. In this study, we provided evidence that virus can be efficiently transmitted through tomato seeds. Three tomato varieties (Beta Lux, Grace and Money Maker) and four genetically diverse TBRV isolates collected originally from different hosts were used in the experiments. The seedlings were grown in an insect-proof glasshouse and the presence of TBRV was verified by immunoassay (ELISA). The seed transmission was significantly...
Sensitivity of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum to strobilurin fungicides in SlovakiaOriginal Paper
Monika Tóthová, Kamil Hudec, Peter Tóth
Plant Protect. Sci., 2020, 56(1):13-17 | DOI: 10.17221/13/2019-PPS
Rapeseed isolates of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (Lib.) de Bary 1884 from Nitra Region of Slovakia were investigated for their in vitro sensitivity to azoxystrobin and picoxystrobin; and determining the EC50 value. The growth of S. sclerotiorum was evaluated on PDA amended with the selected fungicide´s active ingredient at 4 different concentration - 0.08, 0.83, 8.33, and 83.30 ppm. The overall mean EC50 values for azoxystrobin and picoxystrobin were 2.73 ppm and 3.12 ppm respectively. Majority of isolates had a resistance factors up to 20, that suggests the shift in S. sclerotiorum population...
Chemical composition, antioxidant and bioactivities of essential oils from Melaleuca bracteata leavesOriginal Paper
Lan Ying Wang, Wen Cheng How, Tian An Shen, Rong Di, Yanping Luo
Plant Protect. Sci., 2020, 56(1):18-29 | DOI: 10.17221/38/2019-PPS
Melaleuca bracteata possesses antioxidant, antibacterial, and herbicidal activities. However, the agricultural applications of M. bracteata have not been explored yet. The M. bracteata leaves were distilled, and the petroleum ether extract of the essential oils (PEEO) was analysed by GC-MS, where methyl eugenol was found to be the most abundant (66.68%). The total polyphenol content (TPC), the total flavonoids content (TFC) of the PEEO were 6.617 ± 0.535 mg gallic acid equivalents/g and 7.086 ± 0.452 mg rutin equivalents/g, respectively. The IC50 values of the DPPH, ABTS and Fe3+ were 4.180...
The relationships between Pityogenes chalcographus and Nemosoma elongatum in clear-cuts with different types of managementOriginal Paper
Petr Zahradník, Marie Zahradníková
Plant Protect. Sci., 2020, 56(1):30-34 | DOI: 10.17221/5/2018-PPS
Pityogenes chalcographus (Linnaeus, 1758) is a significant pest of young spruce stands up to the age of about 20 years. Predation can be a significant part of decreasing its population density. The aim of the research was to determine the relationships between captured P. chalcographus and its major predator Nemosoma elongatum (Linnaeus, 1761). The research was conducted in 2006 and 2007 in five areas with the following conditions: two clear-cuts covered with freely distributed brushwood, two clear-cuts which had no brushwood remaining and the last locality was an older (more than two years older) clear-cut with no brushwood....
Predicting aphid abundance on winter wheat using suction trap catchesOriginal Paper
Alois Honěk, Zdenka Martinková, Marek Brabec, Pavel Saska
Plant Protect. Sci., 2020, 56(1):35-45 | DOI: 10.17221/53/2019-PPS
The relationship between the number of cereal aphids in flight (recorded by a national grid of suction traps in the Czech Republic) and their occurrence on winter wheat (in Prague) was established between 1999-2015. The flight of all the species was bimodal. Except for Rhopalosiphum padi, whose flight activity peaked in autumn, > 80% of individuals were trapped during April to mid-August. The species frequency was different between the winter wheat and aerial populations. R. padi, the dominant species in the trap catches, formed a small proportion of the aphids on the winter wheat, while Sitobion avenae and Metopolophium dirhodum, which were underrepresented...
The efficacy of novel diamide insecticides in Grapholita molesta suppression and their residues in peach fruitsOriginal Paper
Antonije Žunić, Slavica Vuković, Sanja Lazić, Dragana Šunjka, Dragana Bošković
Plant Protect. Sci., 2020, 56(1):46-51 | DOI: 10.17221/71/2019-PPS
The oriental fruit moth [(Grapholita molesta (Busck, 1916)] represents one of the most significant and destructive pests of peaches in Serbia and worldwide. Its susceptibility to the novel diamide insecticides, cyantraniliprole and chlorantraniliprole, was assessed in this article. The dissipation dynamics and behaviour of these insecticides in the peach fruit were also determined. Field trials were carried out at two localities in the Republic of Serbia (Čerević, Mala Remeta), according to standard EPPO methods. The cyantraniliprole (100 g a. i./l, SE) and chlorantraniliprole (200 g a. i./l, SC) based products were foliar applied at rate of 0.6 and...
The biological control of the grapevine downy mildew disease using Ochrobactrum sp.Original Paper
Chaoqun Zang, Qiujun Lin, Jinhui Xie, Ying Lin, Kuihua Zhao, Chunhao Liang
Plant Protect. Sci., 2020, 56(1):52-61 | DOI: 10.17221/87/2019-PPS
Grape downy mildew, caused by Plasmopara viticola (Berk. & M.A. Curtis) Berl. & De Toni 1888, is a widespread fungal disease that causes serious harm to the grape production. The long-term continuous use of chemical pesticides has caused issues with the resistance, residues and resurgence, as well as creating environmental pollution and the declining quality of the products. A biological control offers a safe and effective method to control diseases. We determined the in vitro antagonistic activity of 303 bacterial strains from infected grapevine leaves, and 12 isolates showed some level of antagonism in a detached leaf assay. Isolate SY286...
The first record of Pityophthorus micrographus in SlovakiaShort Communication
Slavomír Rell, Miloš Knížek, Juraj Galko
Plant Protect. Sci., 2020, 56(1):62-65 | DOI: 10.17221/62/2019-PPS
In April 2018, the presence of Pityophthorus micrographus (Linnaeus, 1758) was recorded at the lumber yard, in the town of Spišská Nová Ves. It was collected from a pheromone trap, lured with ethanol. This is the first record of P. micrographus in Slovakia. There is a possibility of its longer presence in Slovakia since it had been confirmed previously in most of the countries neighbouring Slovakia.