Plant Protect. Sci., X:X | DOI: 10.17221/6/2025-PPS

Characterization of strawberry mild yellow edge virus isolates detected for the first time in PolandOriginal Paper

Mirosława Cieślińska ORCID...1, Ewa Hennig2
1 The National Institute of Horticultural Research, Plant Protection Department, Skierniewice, Poland
2 Main Inspectorate of Plant Heath and Seed Inspection, Central Laboratory, Toruń, Poland

Strawberry mild yellow edge virus (SMYEV) was detected in 116 samples out of 423 collected from strawberry plants grown in commercial and experimental plantations in seven provinces of Poland. The number of samples infected with strawberry mottle virus (SMoV) accounted for 84.6% of the 26 SMYEV-positive samples selected for sequence analysis. The nucleotide sequence similarity of the coat protein (CP) gene of 26 selected SMYEV isolates ranged from 84.8% to 100%, and 81.4–99.5% identity was found between these isolates and 48 SMYEV strains from different countries. The CP region's phylogenetic analysis showed that most isolates from Poland clustered within group I (type D74). In contrast, Talis and 3233CL isolates represented group III (type MY18), and the San isolate was clustered in group V (type ABY1-01). Recombination analysis of the CP gene sequences detected two possible recombination events. One was noticed in the Argentinian strain 53, which formed group III with isolates from Chile, and Polish isolates Talis and 3233CL. Another was identified in the Chinese strain sy02 sequence with evidence of the same recombination event in Canadian strains, and the Polish isolate San (V group). Leaf epinasty, mottling, and yellowing of the young leaves and dieback of the older leaves were observed on Fragaria vesca 'Alpine' and 'EMC' indicator plants grafted with leaves of strawberry plants co-infected with SMYEV and SMoV. A single infection with SMYEV induced milder symptoms based on these indicators.

Keywords: Fragaria; SMYEV; SMoV; SCrV; SVBV; sequence analysis; phylogeny; recombination; diversity

Received: January 13, 2025; Revised: April 24, 2025; Accepted: May 6, 2025; Prepublished online: September 11, 2025 

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