Plant Protection Science, 2021 (vol. 57), issue 4

Molecular characterisation of Zucchini yellow mosaic virus infecting Cucurbita pepo in EgyptOriginal Paper

Engy E. Abdel Aleem, Mona Rabie, Faiza A. Fattouh

Plant Protect. Sci., 2021, 57(4):263-270 | DOI: 10.17221/191/2020-PPS  

The complete nucleotide sequence of Zucchini yellow mosaic virus isolate from Egypt (ZYMV-Egz_MT383108) was determined. The sequence comparisons suggested that the isolate belongs to Group A. The sequence analysis of the Egyptian isolate showed the highest similarity (~96-97%) with the isolates leaf1 (KJ923767.1) and PA_2006 (JQ716413.1) from the USA and the lowest similarity (84%) with an isolate (AF014811.2) from Singapore. The phylogenetic analysis revealed that ZYMV-Egz occupied a distinct clade together with the USA isolates in Group A, known to be the most widespread throughout the world. This is a first record of the complete nucleotide...

Genetic diversity among asexual and sexual progenies of Phytophthora capsici detected with ISSR markersOriginal Paper

Ping Li, Dong Liu

Plant Protect. Sci., 2021, 57(4):271-278 | DOI: 10.17221/28/2021-PPS  

The population structure of Phytophthora capsici among asexual and sexual progenies was analyzed using ISSR. Thirty asexual progenies of one parent and three sexual populations were assayed for genetic diversity using 5 ISSR primers and DNA from 120 offspring of P. capsici was amplified. In total, 71 reproducible ISSR fragments were obtained, of which 100% were polymorphic, revealing high polymorphism among the isolates. Among them, the percentages of polymorphism of sexual and asexual progeny isolates were 100.00 and 77.46%, respectively. Genetic similarity coefficients among all the isolates ranged from 0.54 to 0.73. The sexual...

Virulence of Phytophthora infestans isolates from potato in SpainOriginal Paper

Alba Alvarez-Morezuelas, Nestor Alor, Leire Barandalla, Enrique Ritter, Jose Ignacio Ruiz de Galarreta

Plant Protect. Sci., 2021, 57(4):279-288 | DOI: 10.17221/39/2021-PPS  

The oomycete Phytophthora infestans is responsible for the disease known as late blight in potato and tomato. It is the plant pathogen that has caused the greatest impact on humankind so far and, despite all the studies that have been made, it remains the most important in this crop. In Spain during the last years a greater severity of the disease has been observed in both, potato and tomato, probably due to genetic changes in pathogen populations described recently. The aim of this study was the characterization of the physiological strains of 52 isolates of P. infestans obtained in different potato-growing areas in Spain. For this...

Study on the antifungal effect and mycolytic activity of the biocontrol agent Chaetomium subaffine LB-1Original Paper

Caiyun Liu, Jing Zhao, Hui Cao

Plant Protect. Sci., 2021, 57(4):289-296 | DOI: 10.17221/65/2020-PPS  

The antifungal effect and mucolytic activity of a newly screened biocontrol strain Chaetomium subaffine LB-1 were researched in this study. The results found that LB-1 has good antifungal effects on the test plant pathogenic fungi Botrytis cinerea Pers. ex Fr., Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cucumerinum Owen and Alternaria solani (Ellis & Martin) Sorauer in dual culture assay, with the inhibition rates of 61.39, 50.34 and 51.22%, respectively. Flocculated and dissolved hyphae of the phytopathogenic fungi were observed at the interaction zone on a dual-cultured PDA plate, but the hyphae of LB-1 were normal....

Toxicity and repellent activities of Thymus pallescens and Cymbopogon citratus essential oils against Sitophylus granariusOriginal Paper

Dahou Moutassem, Yuva Bellik, Mohamed El Hadi Sannef

Plant Protect. Sci., 2021, 57(4):297-309 | DOI: 10.17221/185/2020-PPS  

This study evaluated the toxicity and repellent activities of essential oils (EOs) against Sitophilus granarius (Linnaeus, 1758), both in vitro and in vivo conditions. The EOs obtained from Thymus pallescens Noë. (Lamiaceae) and Cymbopogon citratus Stapf. (Poaceae) were analyzed by GC-MS, and revealed that carvacrol (56.64%) and geraniol (20.8%) as the respective major components. T. pallescens EO was found to be a more effective toxicant, with LC₅₀ and LC₉₀ values of 9.3 and 34.6 µL/mL, respectively, in the contact test vs 8.2 and 25.3 µL/mL in...

Effects of five different melon (Cucumis melo L.) cultivars on population growth of Aphis gossypii (Glover)Original Paper

Serdal Bozkurt, Evin Polat Akköprü

Plant Protect. Sci., 2021, 57(4):310-317 | DOI: 10.17221/55/2020-PPS  

In this study, the population growth parameters of Aphis gossypii Glover (Hemiptera: Aphididae) on five different melons [Cucumis melo Linnaeus (Cucurbitaceae) cultivars (Balin, Çitirex, 221 F1, Gediz, Yusufbey)], which are commonly grown in Turkey, were investigated in laboratory experiments. Life table parameters were estimated according to age-stage and two-sex life table theory. The results showed that A. gossypii developed more successfully on the Gediz cultivar due to the higher intrinsic rate of increase (0.5042 1/day), the finite rate of increase (1.6557 1/day), and the shorter mean generation time (8.161 days) than...

Improving Ceratitis capitata control through the mass trapping technique in an IPM programme on apricots in TunisiaOriginal Paper

Mohamed Elimem, Ahlem Harbi, Essia Limem-Sellemi, Slim Rouz, Karima Chahed, Mohamed Amine Bouchkara, Brahim Chermiti, Adel Jammezi

Plant Protect. Sci., 2021, 57(4):318-325 | DOI: 10.17221/13/2021-PPS  

New techniques for Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann, 1824) control are being studied and developed to replace traditional organophosphate pesticide applications. A mass trapping strategy offers promising medfly control within integrated pest management (IPM) programmes. Field assays were performed to study the efficacy of two mass trapping techniques based on PheroNorm^® and Ceratrap^® lures that were compared to a conventional approach to control the medfly in Tunisian apricot orchards. The results showed that both mass trapping techniques had a similar efficiency in reducing the C. capitata population....

Residue and dissipation dynamic of spinetoram insecticide in pear fruitsOriginal Paper

Dragana Šunjka, Sanja Lazić, Slavica Vuković, Aleksandra Alavanja, Đura Nađ, Siniša Mitrić

Plant Protect. Sci., 2021, 57(4):326-332 | DOI: 10.17221/154/2020-PPS  

Cacopsylla pyri (Linnaeus, 1758) is the most significant and widespread pear pest. It attacks the pear only, causing direct and indirect damages. This study was conducted in order to evaluate the efficacy of insecticide spinetoram in the control of C. pyri. The experiment was set up according to EPPO methods, at the locality Kula (Republic of Serbia) in a pear orchard (Williams variety). Spinetoram (250 g/kg a.i., WG) was foliar applied in the amount of 0.3 kg/ha, during overlapping pest generations, when pear was on BBCH 75 scale. The efficacy was evaluated through the number of larvae aged L₁-L₃...

Effect of sprayer parameters and wind speed on spray retention and soil deposits of pesticides: Case of artichoke cultivarOriginal Paper

Hassouna Bahrouni, Hanene Chaabane, Nidhal Marzougui, Sana Ben Meriem, Houcine Bchini, Mohamed Ali Ben Abdallah

Plant Protect. Sci., 2021, 57(4):333-343 | DOI: 10.17221/29/2021-PPS  

Irrational use of chemical method for crop protection, presents increasingly serious risks for human health and the environment. Droplet size and meteorological parameters are key factors to both environmental contamination and pest control efficacy. The objective of this study is to assess the impact of the nozzle use parameters, the operating pressure and the wind speed on droplet foliage deposition (retention) and soil deposition (losses), when treating artichoke. Several combinations were tested in a wind tunnel and in the field, under Mediterranean microclimatic conditions, using a fluorescent dye as a substitute for pesticide. Multiple regression...

Characterization of an isolate of Lettuce big-vein associated virus (LBVaV) detected in naturally infected tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) in SlovakiaShort Communication

Jana Tomašechová, Lukáš Predajňa, Daniel Mihálik, Michaela Mrkvová, Pavel Cejnar, Katarína Šoltys, Sead Sabanadzovic, Miroslav Glasa

Plant Protect. Sci., 2021, 57(4):344-348 | DOI: 10.17221/56/2021-PPS  

A tomato plant (Solanum lycopersicum Linnaeus, labelled KVE) displaying virus-like symptoms, tested negative for common tomato viruses, was subjected to high-throughput sequencing (HTS) on the Illumina MiSeq platform using ribosomal RNA-depleted total RNA as a template. The analysis has revealed the contigs mapping to Lettuce big-vein associated virus (LBVaV). The near complete LBVaV-KVE sequence of RNA1 and RNA2 revealed 95.0 and 94.9% identity with the reference sequence, the same length of translated products and a typical varicosavirus genome organisation. After initial long-term maintenance of LBVaV-KVE in the original plant,...