Plant Protection Science, 2009 (vol. 45), issue 4

Index of Volume 45 (2009), Authors Index, Authors Institution Index, List of Reviewers, Subject IndexIndex

editors

Plant Protect. Sci., 2009, 45(4):I-X | DOI: 10.17221/1345-PPS  

Where will the next Norman Borlaug come from? A U.S. perspective of plant pathology education and research.

Raymond D. Martyn

Plant Protect. Sci., 2009, 45(4):125-139 | DOI: 10.17221/22/2009-PPS  

Plant diseases can be traced back almost as far as recorded history. Numerous ancient writings describe plagues and blasts destroying crops and modern civilization still faces many plant disease challenges. Plant pathology has its roots in botany and notable scientists such as Tillet, Prevost, and deBary already had concluded microscopic organisms could cause plant diseases before Robert Koch established the rules of proof of pathogenicity with sheep anthrax. Plant pathologists can be credited with helping improve crop yields and food production throughout the world. However, at a time when there are increasing challenges to crop production, some that...

Detection of Cherry leaf roll virus and Strawberry latent ring spot virus by one-step RT-PCR

Shesh Kumari

Plant Protect. Sci., 2009, 45(4):140-143 | DOI: 10.17221/3/2009-PPS  

A one-step reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) protocol was developed and used for the detection of Cherry leaf roll virus (CLRV) and Strawberry latent ring spot virus (SLRSV). The protocol was used to test infected screen house plants and also plants from orchards and vineyards where the vector (Xiphinema diversicaudatum) of SLRSV was detected from the soil. The one-step RT-PCR protocol is rapid and sensitive and has the potential to be used for the diagnosis of CLRV and SLRSV in routine diagnostic laboratories.

Distribution of Plum pox virus strains in natural sources in the Czech Republic

Jaroslav Polák, Petr Komínek

Plant Protect. Sci., 2009, 45(4):144-147 | DOI: 10.17221/31/2009-PPS  

The distribution of Plum pox virus (PPV) strains, PPV-D, PPV-M and PPV-Rec, was investigated in the Czech Republic in 2005-2008. Fifty-two to ninety-four samples of flowers or leaves of plum, myrobalan and blackthorn trees from different regions were tested in individual years. The presence of PPV was detected by DAS-ELISA with serotype-specific polyclonal antibodies. PPV-M was proved by DASI-ELISA with serotype-specific monoclonal antibodies; PPV-D, PPV-M and PPV-Rec were detected by RT-PCR in leaf samples from PPV infected trees. The presence of PPV-D ranged from 94.6% to 100%, the presence of PPV-M from 0.0% to 2.3% and the presence of...

Effect of plant populations on the incidence of bean stem maggot (Ophiomyia spp.) in common bean intercropped with maize

Kalista H. Peter, George B. Swella, Deus M. K. Mushobozy

Plant Protect. Sci., 2009, 45(4):149-155 | DOI: 10.17221/19/2009-PPS  

Effects of three intercrop combinations and plant populations on bean stem maggot Ophiomyia phaseoli; O. spencerella and O. centrosematis was observed; with the latter being reported in Morogoro for the first time. The infestation was higher in the pure stands of beans than in the intercrops and decreased gradually down to two-thirds maize. The incidence of Ophiomyia spp. decreased with increasing plant populations. Low counts of larvae and pupae were recorded in intercrops. Stem damage was higher in pure bean plots, which also had higher larvae and pupae counts. The intercrop combinations gave a yield advantage...

Feeding preferences of Phyllotreta herbivores to winter rape and chosen weeds

Jindra Štolcová

Plant Protect. Sci., 2009, 45(4):156-160 | DOI: 10.17221/40/2008-PPS  

In model experiments with leaf disks from Brassica napus L. subsp. napus and Thlaspi arvense L. and Sinapis arvensis L. in spring periods (May-June) of 2006-2007 feeding preferences of Phyllotreta herbivores to the above-mentioned crop and two common weeds were investigated. In seedlings of identical ontogenetic stages insignificantly higher feeding injuries were recorded in B. napus. Between the two monitored weeds insignificantly higher herbivory was found in S. arvensis compared to T. arvense. In a comparison of older crop and younger weeds and vice versa, flea beetles significantly preferred...

Effectiveness of some botanical insecticides against Spodoptera littoralis Boisduvala (Lepidoptera: Noctudiae), Myzus persicae Sulzer (Hemiptera: Aphididae) and Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acari: Tetranychidae)

Roman Pavela

Plant Protect. Sci., 2009, 45(4):161-167 | DOI: 10.17221/16/2009-PPS  

Biological efficiency of botanical insecticides was determined that were obtained from Pongamia glabra, Azadirachta indica and Chrysanthemum cinerariifolium against Spodoptera littoralis, Myzus persicae and Tetranychus urticae on greenhouse plants. In all the tested extracts, the highest concentration caused 100% mortality. In the other tested concentrations, a conclusive difference in efficiency was found; on day 12 after application, the highest efficiency was determined for M. persicae pongam oil, for T. urticae and S. littoralis neem oil.