Plant Protection Science, 2012 (vol. 48), issue 3
Reaction of selected apple cultivars to wilt pathogen Verticillium dahlia
Muwaffaq R. KARAJEH, Saed J. OWAIS
Plant Protect. Sci., 2012, 48(3):99-104 | DOI: 10.17221/61/2011-PPS 
The reaction of five apple cultivars to olive wilt caused byVerticillium dahliae Kleb was evaluated. Five apple cultivars (Royal Gala, Delicious Anabri, Double Red, Golden Delicious, Granny Smith) and one olive cultivar (Nabali Mohassan) were inoculated with V. dahliae and grown under partially controlled greenhouse conditions. Typical symptoms of the disease were developed on the inoculated olive seedlings. However, all tested apple cultivars did not show the typical symptoms of Verticillium wilt except cv. Delicious Anbari, which showed 8.31% disease severity. The average percentage of disease severity was 61.2% in Nabali Mohassan....
Effect of fungicide application date against Sclerotinia sclerotiorum on yield and greening of winter rape
Tomáš Spitzer, Pavel Matušinsky, Zuzana Klemová, Jan Kazda
Plant Protect. Sci., 2012, 48(3):105-109 | DOI: 10.17221/12/2012-PPS
In experiments with winter rape during 2004-2008, we examined the effectiveness of fungicides containing active ingredients based upon triazoles and SBI inhibitors (group A): flusilazole 250 g/l a.i., flusilazole 125 g/l a.i. + carbendazim 250 g/l a.i., and cyproconazole 120 g/l a.i. + carbendazim 300 g/l a.i. Fungicides based upon older and newer triazoles, strobilurins, and SDH inhibitors (group B) were also used: cyproconazole 80g/l a.i. + azoxystrobin 200 g/l a.i., prothioconazole 250 g/l a.i., prothioconazole 125 g/l a.i. + tebuconazole 125 g/l a.i., and boscalid 200 g/l a.i. + dimoxystrobin 200 g/l a.i. The application of group A fungicides against...
Effects of biocontrol agents and plant products Macrophomina phaseolina and colchicine content in Gloriosa superba
Devadason Alice, Subramanian Sundravadana
Plant Protect. Sci., 2012, 48(3):110-115 | DOI: 10.17221/18/2011-PPS
Gloriosa superba is a medicinal plant severely infested with soil-borne Macrophomina phaseolina (Tassi) Goid. Under in vitro conditions a commercial formulation of Trichoderma viride and Pseudomonas fluorescens inhibited the mycelial growth of M. phaseolina isolates. Among the oil cake, mahua cake at 10% completely inhibited the mycelial growth of the M. phaseolina isolates. Under field conditions both the soil and foliar application of biocontrol agents is attributed to the healthy growth of G. superba crops by controlling the tuber rot disease and ultimately boosting...
Rove beetles (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae) in an apple orchard
Alois HONĚK, Matúš KOCIAN, Zdenka MARTINKOVÁ
Plant Protect. Sci., 2012, 48(3):116-122 | DOI: 10.17221/2/2012-PPS
Many rove beetle (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae) species are carnivorous. Despite their positive role in the biological control of agricultural arthropod pests rove beetles are relatively poorly studied in general, and little is known about their habitat associations including their occurrence and seasonal activity in the apple-orchard environment. In 1994, abundance and composition of adult staphylinid taxocenosis was established in a 12-years-old apple orchard at Prague-Ruzyně, and compared with taxocenoses inhabiting nearby grassy ridge, winter wheat field and forest. The staphylinids were collected throughout the vegetation season using unbaited pitfall...
Effects of Verticillium lecanii (Zimm.) Viegas on Toxoptera citricida Kirkaldy (Homoptera: Aphididae) and its parasitoid Lysiphlebus testaceipes Cresson (Hymenoptera: Braconidae)
Allan Balfour, Ayub Khan
Plant Protect. Sci., 2012, 48(3):123-131 | DOI: 10.17221/59/2011-PPS
The preponderance of susceptible sour orange (Citrus aurantium L.) rootstock has facilitated the spread of Citrus tristeza virus (CTV) in Trinidad and Tobago. CTV is transmitted by the brown citrus aphid Toxoptera citricida (Kirkaldy), which establishes large colonies on new flushes of citrus plants. As the colonies become highly populated, winged (alate) aphids are produced which can migrate to uninfected neighbouring citrus trees and hence transmit CTV. In the present study different concentrations of the entomopathogenic fungus Verticillium lecanii (Zimm) Viegas in water-based formulations were applied to T....
Insecticidal activity of chitosans of different molecular weights and chitosan-metal complexes against cotton leafworm Spodoptera littoralis and oleander aphid Aphis nerii
Mohamed E. I. BADAWY, Ahmed F. EL-ASWAD
Plant Protect. Sci., 2012, 48(3):131-141 | DOI: 10.17221/67/2010-PPS
As an alternative to synthetic pesticides, chitosan has received much attention as a biopolymer active against some agricultural pests. The, insecticidal activity of chitosans of four molecular weights (2.27 × 105,3.60 × 105,5.97 × 105,and9.47 × 105 g/mol) was investigated against two species of arthropod pests: oleander aphid Aphis nerii and cotton leafworm Spodoptera littoralis. In addition, the most active chitosan of 2.27 × 105 g/mol was chemically modified with metals of Ag(I), Cu(II), Ni(II), and Hg(II) to give corresponding chitosan-metal complexes. Larval mortality, growth...