Plant Protect. Sci., 2023, 59(1):1-18 | DOI: 10.17221/61/2022-PPS

Endophytic and rhizobacteria functionalities in alleviating drought stress in maize plantsReview

Victor Funso Agunbiade, Olubukola Oluranti Babalola*
Food Security and Safety Focus Area, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Science, North-West University, Mmabatho, South Africa

Drought stress is among the significant forms of abiotic stresses that unfavourably affects maize survival as well as the development from germination to maturity. This paper, therefore, reviewed drought stress effects in maize plants and expatiated on the plausible adoptable mitigation measures to employ in curbing these effects as well. Water shortage prompts drought stress that alters the morphological, physiological and biochemical activities in maize plants. The major drought stress implications on the plant’s survival are mostly in the area of altered metabolic functions, including nutrient metabolism, cell membrane integrity, water relationships, plant yield, photosynthetic processes, osmotic adjustment, and the pigment content. Mitigating strategies, such as the breeding of drought-tolerant varieties, genomic applications for drought tolerance enhancement in maize plants, as well as the use of rhizobacteria and endophytic bacteria, can be employed in alleviating drought stress and ensuring optimal maize productivity.

Keywords: crop improvement; crop yields; climate change; endophytic microbes; food security; sustainable agriculture

Received: May 27, 2022; Accepted: October 19, 2022; Prepublished online: January 13, 2023; Published: January 31, 2023  Show citation

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Agunbiade VF, Babalola OO. Endophytic and rhizobacteria functionalities in alleviating drought stress in maize plants. Plant Protect. Sci. 2023;59(1):1-18. doi: 10.17221/61/2022-PPS.
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