Plant Protection Science, 2002 (vol. 38), issue 1

Characterization and identification of entomopathogenic and mycoparasitic fungi using RAPD-PCR technique

Lenka Bieliková, Zdeněk Landa, Lance S. Osborne, Vladislav Čurn

Plant Protect. Sci., 2002, 38(1):1-12 | DOI: 10.17221/4813-PPS  

Entomopathogenic and mycoparasitic fungi were characterised by RAPD technique, with special attention to evaluate the genetic stability of strains that are used as active ingredients in commercial biopesticides. Strain-specific fingerprints were constructed for Paecilomyces fumosoroseus - strain PFR 97 Apopka, Gliocladium virens - strain GL 21 and Verticillium lecanii - strain MYCOTAL. Genetic stability and homogeneity was confirmed among re-isolates that were obtained from commercial batches of bio-insecticide PFR 97TM 20%WDG and bio-fungicide SoilGardTM12G that had been produced in 1995-1999. RAPD analysis indicated the...

The application of RT-PCR assay for the detection of Apple stem pitting virus and Apple stem grooving virus in four apple cultivars

Jiban Kumar Kundu

Plant Protect. Sci., 2002, 38(1):13-17 | DOI: 10.17221/4816-PPS  

The reverse transcription polymerace chain reaction (RT-PCR) assay was successfully used for the detection of Apple stem pitting virus (ASPV) and Apple stem grooving virus (ASGV) in four apple cultivars of a 25 years old orchard. These two main pome fruit viruses were detected frequently in all tested apple cultivars. ASGV and ASPV occurred in as many as 16 trees (in the cultivar Spartan) and 13 trees (in the cultivar Idared) out of 20 tested trees, respectively. Mixed infection by ASGV and ASPV was found in all tested cultivars (as many as 9 out of 20 tested trees of the cultivar Spartan).

Different pathogenicity of ergot isolates (Claviceps purpurea [Fr.] Tul.) on Kentucky bluegrass (Poa pratensis L.)

Bohumír Cagaš, Radek Macháč

Plant Protect. Sci., 2002, 38(1):18-22 | DOI: 10.17221/4815-PPS  

Ergot, caused by the fungus Claviceps purpurea (Fr.) Tul., belongs to the main constraints in seed production of Kentucky bluegrass (Poa pratensis L.). The level of ergot occurrence depends on the weather conditions during the growing period, harvest year, storage conditions of seed, and post-harvest treatment. The degree of resistance of the grown cultivar plays an important role. Based on greenhouse trials with four different ergot populations (Zubří, Czech Republic; Leutewitz and Munich, Germany; Pullman, Washington, USA) during 3 years, we found pathogenicity to be one of the most important factors. There were significant differences...

The effect of some herbicides on seed yield of six grass species - Short Communication

Jan Macháč, Bohumír Cagaš, Radek Macháč

Plant Protect. Sci., 2002, 38(1):23-28 | DOI: 10.17221/4817-PPS  

The tolerance to or phytotoxicity of selected herbicides and their impact on seed yield was investigated in six grasses grown for seed: Phleum pratense cv. Sobol (a), Festuca rubra cv. Táborská (b), Festuca pratensis cv. Otava (c), Poa pratensis cv. Slezanka (d), Arrhenatherum elatius cv. Medián (e) and Dactylis glomerata cv. Zora (f). All species were tolerant to Grodyl 75 WG (amidosulfuron 75%), (a) and (f) were tolerant to Grodyl plus (amidosulfuron 15 g/kg + isoproturon 600 g/kg) which was phytotoxic to the other grass species; all species were tolerant to Stomp 330 E (pendimethalin 330 g/l);...

Exploitation of the mycoparasitic fungus Pythium oligandrum in plant protection - A review

Jana Brožová

Plant Protect. Sci., 2002, 38(1):30-35 | DOI: 10.17221/4818-PPS  

Pythium oligandrum Drechs. belongs to the order Oomycetes. It is parasitic on many fungi from the same or other orders. The antagonism of P. oligandrum is a multifaceted process dependent on the target species involved. P. oligandrum is nonpathogenic on 12 species of crops from six families. It does not attack their tissue but occurs on the root surface, predominantly in the regions of hypocotyl - taproot, together with plant pathogenic fungi. It utilises the root exudates and fungus hyphae on the root surface, including those of the plant pathogens, for its own support. A growth stimulation of plants was observed....

R.K. Horst - Westcott's Plant Disease Handbook (6th Edition) - Book Review

Aleš Lebeda

Plant Protect. Sci., 2002, 38(1):36 | DOI: 10.17221/4819-PPS  

Ass. Prof. Ing. Jaroslav Polák, DrSc. - sexagenarian - Biographical Notice

Jiří Chod

Plant Protect. Sci., 2002, 38(1):37-38 | DOI: 10.17221/4820-PPS