Plant Protection Science, 2004 (vol. 40), issue 1
Identification of Xiphinema vuittenezi by polymerase chain reaction
Shesh Kumari, Jiban K. Kundu, Jaroslav Polák
Plant Protect. Sci., 2004, 40(1):1-4 | DOI: 10.17221/3120-PPS 
So far, the identification of the nematode species Xiphinema vuittenezi relied mainly on time-consuming morphological and morphometrical studies. Therefore, a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) protocol was optimised that both reliably and rapidly identifies X. vuittenezi. The internal transcribed spacer (ITS) species-specific primer of ribosomal DNA gene of X. vuittenezi was used. Nine populations of this species from Central Bohemia were investigated by means of PCR.
Seedlings damping-off of Chenopodium quinoa Willd.
Monika Dřímalková, Karel Veverka
Plant Protect. Sci., 2004, 40(1):5-10 | DOI: 10.17221/3119-PPS
The causal agents of damping-off of quinoa seedlings were determined in greenhouse experiments. Ascochyta caulina, Fusarium avenaceum, Fusarium spp., Alternaria spp. and Pythium spp. were isolated from infected parts of quinoa seedlings. The most frequent Pythium sp. was P. aphanidermatum. Pathogenicity tests confirmed that P. aphanidermatum and F. avenaceum were the causal agents of damping-off of quinoa seedlings under greenhouse conditions. A comparison of the reaction of quinoa with that of other susceptible plants (spinach, cabbage, sugar beet) showed that...
Temperature-dependent development and mortality of Australian cockroach, Periplaneta australasiae (Fabricius) (Blattodea: Blattidae
Václav Stejskal, Jan Lukáš, Radek Aulický
Plant Protect. Sci., 2004, 40(1):11-15 | DOI: 10.17221/3118-PPS
The effect of temperature on the development of the 1st instar of Periplaneta australasiae (Fabr.) was studied at the four constant temperatures of 21°C, 24°C, 27°C and 30°C in temperature-controlled chambers. Mortality was 50% at 30°C, and 10% at 21°C, 24° and 27°C. Thermal constants were established by plotting linear regression to development rate. The thermal threshold for the development was 17.1°C and the thermal constant for 1st instar larvae was 147.1 day-degrees. As "safe temperature" (ts) - the temperature to be maintained in stores or food premises to prevent the development of a pest species...
Potentials of organic amendments in the control of plant parasitic nematodes
Ogechi N. Agbenin
Plant Protect. Sci., 2004, 40(1):21-25 | DOI: 10.17221/1351-PPS
An increasing number of researchers worldwide are showing interest in organic amendment of soil as means of nematode control. Numerous plant species with nematicidal compounds have been identified. Neem (Azadirachta indica) is considered the best-known example of plants with nematicidal properties and is available commercially in some parts of the world. Its efficiency has been proven locally, with the seed powder giving good control in both field and screenhouse. Several materials are in use as organic amendment. However, the choice of materials for amendment will determine its efficiency in control. The use of organic amendments that are...
Rice yellow mottle virus genus Sobemovirus: a continental problem in africa
Olalekan Oyeleke Banwo, Matthew Dada Alegbejo, Myomodra Emmanuel Abo
Plant Protect. Sci., 2004, 40(1):26-36 | DOI: 10.17221/1350-PPS
Rice yellow mottle virus genus sobemovirus (RYMV) was first reported in Kenya in 1966. The disease caused by this virus is fast becoming a major limiting factor in the rice production in Africa and neighbouring islands. It is known to occur in eastern, western and southern African countries and, since very recently, in Central Africa. It is transmitted by insect vectors such as Chaectonema spp., Sesselia pusilla Gerst. and Trichispa sericea Guerin (all Coleoptera) and also by mechanical means. About six strains of the virus now exist. Yield losses caused by the virus range from 20 to 100%. Integrated...
Effect of atrazine on glutathione levels, glutathione s-transferase and glutathione reductase activities in pea and wheat plants
Lyuba P.-E. Miteva, Sergei V. Ivanov, Vera S. Alexieva, Emanuil N. Karanov
Plant Protect. Sci., 2004, 40(1):160-20 | DOI: 10.17221/1352-PPS
Changes were studied in the endogenous level of glutathione (total and oxidised), and in the amount of free thiol groups as caused by the herbicide atrazine on two species of plants with different sensitivity to it. The activities of two enzymes related to glutathione metabolism (glutathione reductase and glutathione S-transferase) were also determined. The application of the herbicide on leaf increased the levels of total and oxidised glutathione in pea and wheat plants. Increased activity glutathione S-transferase in wheat plants was found.