Plant Protection Science, 2014 (vol. 50), issue 4

INDEX OF VOLUME 50 (2014)Index

Index Author, Index Author Institution, Index Subject

Plant Protect. Sci., 2014, 50(4):I-IX | DOI: 10.17221/7729-PPS  

Pest control strategies and damage potential of seed-infesting pests in the Czech stores - a reviewReview

Vaclav STEJSKAL, Radek AULICKY, Zuzana KUCEROVA

Plant Protect. Sci., 2014, 50(4):165-173 | DOI: 10.17221/10/2014-PPS  

This work reviews the historical and current pest risks and research concerning seed storage in the Czech Republic (CR). Stored seed pests (i.e. animals causing injuries to the germ and endosperm) represent a high risk of economic damage due to the high value of seeds coupled with long-term seed storage in small storage units (e.g., boxes, satchels). Rodents represent a significant risk to all types of seeds, especially seeds stored in piles or bags. Mites, psocids, and moths are the main pests of stored grass and vegetable seeds: mites can decrease seed germinability by 52% and psocids caused 9.7% seed weight loss in broken wheat kernels after 3 months...

Blueberry red ringspot virus eliminated from highbush blueberry by shoot tip cultureOriginal Paper

Josef ŠPAK, Daniela PAVINGEROVÁ, Jaroslava PŘIBYLOVÁ, Vlastimila ŠPAKOVÁ, František PAPRŠTEIN, Jiří SEDLÁK

Plant Protect. Sci., 2014, 50(4):174-178 | DOI: 10.17221/84/2013-PPS  

In order to find an effective elimination method of Blueberry red ringspot virus (BRRV), shoot tips of 2-3 mm size originating from buds of highbush blueberry cv. Darrow naturally infected by BRRV and collected in winter months were regenerated and multiplied on woody-plant medium (WPM) with 1.5 mg/l zeatin and 20 g/l sucrose. Developed shoots tested negative by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for BRRV were transferred onto a rooting medium consisting of WPM supplemented with 1 mg/l indole-3-butyric acid. Rooting plants were transferred into soil and tested twice by PCR 6 months apart. Ninety per cent eradication of BRRV was achieved while...

Occurrence, isolation, and identification of Acidovorax citrulli from Melon in TurkeyOriginal Paper

Sumer HORUZ, Raziye CETINKAYA-YILDIZ, Mustafa MIRIK, Yesim AYSAN

Plant Protect. Sci., 2014, 50(4):179-183 | DOI: 10.17221/30/2014-PPS  

During February and August of 2010 and 2011, disease symptoms were detected in melon (Cucumis melo cv. Surmeli) fields and commercial nurseries in Adana and Mersin provinces (Eastern Mediterranean Region, Turkey). Lesions on leaves and fruits were observed in nearly 75 and 85 acres production areas of melon in 2010 and 2011, respectively. Initial symptoms were water-soaked irregular spots, light brown to reddish spots advancing through veins on leaves, small water-soaked lesions, greasy, dark olive green colour areas on the surfaces of melon fruit followed by brown lesions, softening, and cracks. Thirty-five non-fluorescent, slow-growing,...

Effects of Helicoverpa armigera Nucleopolyhedrosis virus (HaNPV) on the larvae of the diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella (L.) (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae)Original Paper

Zahra MAGHOLI, Habib ABBASIPOUR, Rasoul MARZBAN

Plant Protect. Sci., 2014, 50(4):184-189 | DOI: 10.17221/78/2013-PPS  

Laboratory studies were performed to determine the insecticidal activity of baculovirus against diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella. The nucleopolyhedrosis (HaNPV) was tested against 2^nd instar larvae fed on cabbage leaf disks treated with aqueous suspensions of occlusion bodies (OB). Lethal concentrations values (LC₂₅, LC₅₀, and LC₇₅) were 2.2 × 10³, 3.8 × 10⁴, and 6.6 × 10⁵ PIB/ml for 2^nd larval instars, respectively. Median lethal time (LT₅₀) to similar response levels (mortality rates 50-75%) decreased with decreasing larval age (from 114.23...

Plant cell wall degrading enzymes, pectinase and cellulase, in the digestive system of the red palm weevil, Rhynchophorus ferrugineus (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)Original Paper

Mohammad VATANPARAST, Vahid HOSSEININAVEH, Mohammad GHADAMYARI, Seyede MINOO SAJJADIAN

Plant Protect. Sci., 2014, 50(4):190-198 | DOI: 10.17221/43/2013-PPS  

In digestion, the red palm weevil, Rhynchophorus ferrugineus, has been adapted to overcome the plant cell wall barrier, specially lignocellulosic and pectic compounds, by producing cellulase and pectinase enzymes. Partial biochemical characterisations of cellulase and pectinase were determined in the larval digestive system of the pest. Larval midgut extract showed an optimum activity for cellulase and pectinase against carboxyl methyl cellulose and pectin at pH 6.0 and 7.0, respectively. Larval midgut cellulase and pectinase were more stable at pH 4.0-8.0 and pH 6.0-8.0 than in highly acidic and alkaline condition, respectively. However,...

Sublethal effects of spinosad on some biochemical parameters of Xanthogaleruca luteola (Müller) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae)Original Paper

Bahareh MOHAMMADZADEH TAMAM, Mohammad GHADAMYARI, Ahad SAHRAGARD, Azadeh KARIMI-MALATI

Plant Protect. Sci., 2014, 50(4):199-206 | DOI: 10.17221/20/2014-PPS  

The effect of spinosad on some biochemical characteristics of Xanthogaleruca luteola was investigated. LC₃₀ and LC₅₀ of spinosad for the third instar larvae were determined as 1.6 and 2.9 ppm, respectively. Biochemical tests were carried out on the 3^rd instar larvae treated with LC₃₀ and LC₅₀ of spinosad. The LC₃₀ concentration decreased carbohydrate and glycogen content and increased lipid content significantly. There was a significant decrease in carbohydrate, glycogen, and protein contents following the exposure to LC₅₀ concentration. Available energy...

Antifeedant activity and toxicity of some plant essential oils to Colorado potato beetle, Leptinotarsa decemlineata Say (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae)Original Paper

Akram TAGHIZADEH SAROUKOLAI, Gadir NOURI-GANBALANI, Hooshang RAFIEE-DASTJERDI, Javad HADIAN

Plant Protect. Sci., 2014, 50(4):207-216 | DOI: 10.17221/9/2014-PPS  

Essential oils of Satureja khuzistanica Jamzad, Ocimum basilicum L., Myrtus communis L., Thymus daenensis Celak, Mentha spicata L., and Eugenia caryophyllus (Sprengel) were evaluated for nutritional indices and mortality of the 4^th instar larvae and adults of Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Say). Relative growth rate, relative consumption rate, efficiency of conversion of ingested food and feeding deterrent index were measured. Results showed that the most efficient essential oil on the 4^th instar larvae and adults was S. khuzistanica (LC₅₀ = 23.36 and...

Occurrence and genetic similarity of Diplodia pinea on shoots and cones in seed orchards of Pinus spp. in north-western TurkeyOriginal Paper

Tuğba H. DOĞMUŞ-LEHTIJÄRVI, Ayşe Gülden Aday KAYA, Asko LEHTIJÄRVI, Funda OSKAY, Özgür Durmuş KAYA

Plant Protect. Sci., 2014, 50(4):217-220 | DOI: 10.17221/17/2014-PPS  

Diplodia shoot blight disease can cause significant damage on coniferous trees and be particularly injurious to cones, which reduces the amount of seed production and germination. We investigated the disease severity and genetic variation of Diplodia pinea in one Pinus nigra and two P. sylvestris seed orchards. Disease surveys were carried out in İzmit (Marmara region, Turkey) in May 2012. Symptomatic shoots and cones were examined for the presence of pycnidia. Cultural and morphological characteristics of the isolates were studied using cultures grown on potato dextrose agar (PDA). Based on morphological characteristics...

Fungi in living and dead stems and stumps of Pinus mugo on coastal dunes of the Baltic SeaOriginal Paper

Vaidotas LYGIS, Ieva VASILIAUSKAITE, Antanas MATELIS, Alfas PLIRA, Rimvydas VASAITIS

Plant Protect. Sci., 2014, 50(4):221-226 | DOI: 10.17221/25/2014-PPS  

Communities of xylotrophic fungi were studied in wood of Pinus mugo of different qualities: (i) living stems, (ii) cut stumps, (iii) burned snags, (iv) cut burned stumps, (v) stems recently killed by root rot, and (vi) old snags of root rot-killed trees. A total of 277 isolates representing 58 fungal taxa were obtained from 300 wood samples (50 samples per each substrate category). Results of the present study suggested that following different disturbances (tree felling, forest fire or root rot), fungal communities likely evolve in different directions: depending on its origin (cut, burned...

Cylindrocladium buxicola is threatening the native Buxus sempervirens populations in Turkey - short communicationShort Communication

Asko LEHTIJÄRVI, H. Tuğba DOĞMUŞ-LEHTIJÄRVI, Funda OSKAY

Plant Protect. Sci., 2014, 50(4):227-229 | DOI: 10.17221/18/2014-PPS  

Cylindrocladium buxicola is a fungal pathogen of Buxus spp. in Turkey; the pathogen was first noted in 2011 on the native populations of B. sempervirens in forests in Trabzon in the Black Sea region. Surveys conducted in November 2012 revealed a devastating impact of the pathogen on natural B. sempervirens populations, in which the trees were either dead or severely defoliated. The epidemic had spread 3-25 km along the river valleys near the Black Sea coast. Similar river valleys further inland were still free of infection or showed only the very first signs of arrival of the epidemic. The disease...