Plant Protection Science, 2017 (vol. 53), issue 2
Fusarium-plant interaction: state of the art - a reviewReview
María I. Dinolfo, Eliana Castañares, Sebastián A. Stenglein
Plant Protect. Sci., 2017, 53(2):61-70 | DOI: 10.17221/182/2015-PPS 
One of the most important genera able to develop diseases in cereals is Fusarium which not only produces losses by the fungal presence but also mycotoxin production harmful to human and animal consumers. In the environment, plants are continuously threatened by abiotic and biotic stresses. Among the latter, pathogens gained importance mainly due to their ability to affect the plant fitness. To protect against potential attacks, plants have developed strategies in which phytohormones have an essential role. In plant-pathogen interactions, salicylic acid, ethylene, and jasmonates are the most important, but there are also auxins, gibberellins,...
Differentiation of the disease caused by Aphanomyces cochlioides and girth scab on sugar beet roots - a reviewReview
Ewa B. Moliszewska
Plant Protect. Sci., 2017, 53(2):71-77 | DOI: 10.17221/152/2015-PPS
Severe symptoms of root rot on sugar beet have been observed in Poland and Germany since 2001. The symptom classification suggested girth scab as it was mistakenly classified on the basis of current classification, e.g. in LIZ. However, the cause of the disease was Aphanomyces cochlioides infection, not Streptomyces spp. According to these findings we cannot call the symptoms caused by A. cochlioides as 'girth scab'. The typical scab (girth scab) symptoms can be promoted by A. cochlioides infections. In many cases, A. cochlioides developed at the beginning of the season, during the seedling stage. Its further...
Activity of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPRs) in the biocontrol of tomato Fusarium wiltOriginal Paper
Lamia Boukerma, Messaoud Benchabane, Ahmed Charif, Lakhdar Khélifi
Plant Protect. Sci., 2017, 53(2):78-84 | DOI: 10.17221/178/2015-PPS
The potential of Pseudomonas fluorescens PF15 and Pseudomonas putida PP27 to protect tomato plants against Fusarium wilt under greenhouse conditions was evaluated. In vitro antagonism showed a significant inhibition of the pathogen growth (47%) revealed by PF15. However, PP27 presented a 10% rate of the mycelium inhibition. An in situ experiment was conducted with split-root design for induced systemic resistance (ISR) and without split-root design to measure both ISR and antagonistic activities. Fluorescent Pseudomonas revealed a delay in the onset of symptoms and slower kinetics of disease progression...
Fusarium oxysporum (F221-B) as biocontrol agent against plant pathogenic fungi in vitro and in hydroponicsOriginal Paper
Titi Thongkamngam, Tanimnun Jaenaksorn
Plant Protect. Sci., 2017, 53(2):85-95 | DOI: 10.17221/59/2016-PPS
Efficacy of non-pathogenic Fusarium oxysporum (F221-B) was assessed as a possible biocontrol agent against fungal pathogens, namely Curvularia lunata (C11, C12), F. semitectum (F113), F. oxysporum f.sp. lactucae (F221-R, F442-G), Rhizoctonia solani (R11, R12), Rhizoctonia sp. (R111, R112, R113) in vitro, while F221-B showed a moderate ability to inhibit the mycelial growth of tested fungi about 36-56%. Then, F221-B was further evaluated for its ability of controlling lettuce root rot and wilt caused by F442-G in hydroponics. It was revealed that F221-B...
Occurrence of Scaphoideus titanus Ball and some other Auchenorrhyncha in the vineyards of western SlovakiaOriginal Paper
Ján Tancik, Gabriel Seljak
Plant Protect. Sci., 2017, 53(2):96-100 | DOI: 10.17221/40/2016-PPS
A study of Auchenorrhyncha was carried out in 2014 and 2015 in 7 vineyard plots with different varieties and pest management strategies in the Nitra wine region and Lesser Carpathian wine region in western Slovakia. The aim of this study was to obtain information related to the presence of potential vector insects associated with grapevine yellows phytoplasmas from the Flavescence dorée and Bois noir groups. Insects were collected by sweeping with an entomological net. Thirty species of Auchenorrhyncha were identified as belonging to 6 families. Cicadellidae were the most abundant, comprising 20 species. Scaphoideus titanus was collected at...
Entomopathogen Metarhizium anisopliae promotes the early development of peanut rootOriginal Paper
Shao-Fang Liu, Guang-Jun Wang, Xiang-Qun Nong, Bin Liu, Miao-Miao Wang, Shan-Lin Li, Guang-Chun Cao, Ze-Hua Zhang
Plant Protect. Sci., 2017, 53(2):101-107 | DOI: 10.17221/49/2016-PPS
The benefit of the entomopathogen Metarhizium anisopliae to early root development was evaluated. Two inoculating methods, conidia-suspension-drenching (T1) and conidia-coating (T2), were used when sowing peanut. The results showed that taproot length and lateral root number in T1 significantly increased compared to the control (T0) in days 4-10 after treatment, whereas no significant difference was found between T2 and T0. The fungal density by T1 and T2 fluctuated in the first 8 days, followed by a gradual decline. The ratio of the taproot length or lateral...
Negative correlations between the susceptibilities of Czech and Slovak pollen beetle populations to lambda-cyhalothrin and chlorpyrifos-ethyl in 2014 and 2015Original Paper
Marek Seidenglanz, Jana Poslušná, Pavel Kolařík, Jiří Rotrekl, Eva Hrudová, Pavel Tóth, Jiří Havel, Eva Plachká, Ján Táncik, Kamil Hudec
Plant Protect. Sci., 2017, 53(2):108-117 | DOI: 10.17221/187/2015-PPS
Sixty-five Czech Meligethes populations were tested against lambda-cyhalothrin and chlorpyrifos-ethyl in 2014. In 2015, totally sixty Meligethes populations, some of which sampled also in Slovakia, were tested against the two insecticides. Adult vial tests by IRAC (Insecticide Resistance Action Committee) were used for testing (No. 011 v. 3 for lambda-cyhalothrin and No. 025 for chlorpyrifos-ethyl). For each of the tested populations the LC50, LC90, and in 2015 also LC95 values were determined for both these insecticides. Correlation analyses were made with transformed (log10 transformation) LC values....
Sugar beet yield loss predicted by relative weed cover, weed biomass and weed densityOriginal Paper
Roland Gerhards, Kostyantyn Bezhin, Hans-Joachim Santel
Plant Protect. Sci., 2017, 53(2):118-125 | DOI: 10.17221/57/2016-PPS
Sugar beet yield loss was predicted from early observations of weed density, relative weed cover, and weed biomass using non-linear regression models. Six field experiments were conducted in Germany and in the Russian Federation in 2012, 2013 and 2014. Average weed densities varied from 20 to 131 with typical weed species compositions for sugar beet fields at both locations. Sugar beet yielded higher in Germany and relative yield losses were lower than in Russia. Data of weed density, relative weed cover, weed biomass and relative yield loss fitted well to the non-linear regression models. Competitive weed species such as Chenopodium album...