Plant Protection Science, 2018 (vol. 54), issue 4

INDEX OF VOLUME 54 (2018) - AUTHORS INDEX - AUTHORS INSTITUTIONS INDEX

editors

Plant Protect. Sci., 2018, 54(4):I-VI | DOI: 10.17221/11235-PPS  

Pesticide use in vegetable production: A survey of Vietnamese farmers' knowledgeOriginal Paper

Thanh Mai Nguyen, Nga Thi Thanh Le, Jouni Havukainen, David B. Hannaway

Plant Protect. Sci., 2018, 54(4):203-214 | DOI: 10.17221/69/2017-PPS  

Concerns about inappropriate storage, application rates, and disposal practices of pesticides prompted this case study of Vietnamese farmers' knowledge, attitudes, and practices. 128 small-scale vegetable growers in Lam Dong Province were included in field surveys, questionnaires, and interviews. Farmers reported inappropriate mixing of pesticides and disposal methods. Many also reported ill-timed applications posing potential hazards to the human health and environment. Improved training and monitoring of pesticide residues on foodstuffs and in agricultural soils and community water supplies are needed to ensure safe farmer practices. Community-based...

Cloning and characterisation of nanobodies against the coat protein of Zucchini yellow mosaic virusOriginal Paper

Adel M. Zakri, Abdullah A. Al-Doss, Markus Sack, Ahmed A. Ali, Emad M. Samara, Basem S. Ahmed, Mahmoud. A. Amer, Omar. A. Abdalla, Mohammed A. Al-Saleh

Plant Protect. Sci., 2018, 54(4):215-221 | DOI: 10.17221/158/2017-PPS  

Zucchini yellow mosaic virus (ZYMV), in the family Potyviridae, causes an economically important disease. Antibodies are valuable reagents for diagnostic assays to rapidly detect viral infection. Here, we report the isolation of camel-derived variable domains of the heavy chain antibody (VHH, also called nanobodies) directed against the coat protein (CP) of ZYMV. Several nanobodies that specifically recognise ZYMV-CP were identified. The isolated nanobodies showed binding not only to recombinant ZYMV-CP but also to native ZYMV, indicating that these nanobodies can be used in diagnostic tools to detect viral infections.

Temperature affected transmission, symptom development and accumulation of Wheat dwarf virusOriginal Paper

Mohamad Hamed Ghodoum Parizipour, Leila Ramazani, Babak Pakdaman Sardrood

Plant Protect. Sci., 2018, 54(4):222-233 | DOI: 10.17221/147/2017-PPS  

One of the biotic agents of yellowing and stunting in wheat and barley cultivations is Wheat dwarf virus (WDV) which is naturally transmitted by the leafhopper Psammotettix alienus (Dahlbom). WDV-Wheat and WDV-Barley isolates of WDV were transmitted to wheat and barley, respectively, using the leafhoppers under four temperature regimes of constant 20, 25, 30, and 35°C. Infection rate, symptom development and virus content of the virus-inoculated plants were determined and the data was statistically analysed. The results showed that the temperature of 25°C was associated with the highest infection rate caused by the...

Insight into epidemiological importance of phytoplasma vectors in vineyards in South Moravia, Czech RepublicOriginal Paper

Dana Šafářová, Pavel Lauterer, Martin Starý, Pavla Válová, Milan Navrátil

Plant Protect. Sci., 2018, 54(4):234-239 | DOI: 10.17221/8/2018-PPS  

Bois noir (BN), caused by 'Candidatus Phytoplasma solani', is a serious disease of grapevines in Europe. During the 2010-2012 survey in Perná vineyard (South Moravia, Czech Republic) a total of 4854 insect individuals were collected and among these, 95 insect species belonging to Auchenorrhyncha (77 species), Heteroptera (12), and Psylloidea (62) were indentified. The nested polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism analyses confirmed Hyalesthes obsoletus as the main BN vector with 43.8% of phytoplasma positive individuals on average. A significant role of Anaceratagallia ribauti...

Bacterial spot and blight diseases of ornamental plants caused by different Xanthomonas species in TurkeyOriginal Paper

Mustafa Mirik, Yesim Aysan, Fulya Baysal-Gurel

Plant Protect. Sci., 2018, 54(4):240-247 | DOI: 10.17221/10/2017-PPS  

Putative strains belonging to Xanthomonas spp. causing leaf spot and blight diseases on geranium (Pelargonium peltatum and P. hortorum), begonia (Begonia × tuberhybrida), anthurium (Anthurium andraeanum), Chinese hibiscus (Hibiscus rosa-sinensis), and English ivy (Hedera helix) growing in Turkey were isolated. All bacterial strains were classified as Gram-negative, oxidase negative, catalase, levan and starch hydrolysis positive, with hypersensitive reaction positive on tobacco and pathogenic to host plants. Identification of these strains was further confirmed by serological method...

New epiphytic yeasts able to reduce grey mold disease on applesOriginal Paper

Amina KHEIREDDINE, Badiâa ESSGHAIER, Abdeljabar HEDI, Cyrine DHIEB, Najla SADFI-ZOUAOUI

Plant Protect. Sci., 2018, 54(4):248-257 | DOI: 10.17221/103/2017-PPS  

Botrytis cinerea, the causal agent of grey mould, is a predominant agent causing extensive postharvest and quality losses of apples in Tunisia and worldwide. Efforts to manage this disease have met with limited success. For this reason, the use of microorganism preparations to control fungal diseases as an alternative to fungicides became an urgent need. From a total of 60 epiphytic yeasts, 10 were assessed in vitro against B. cinerea and selected isolates showing antagonism were evaluated for their ability to suppress the grey mould in vivo. On Petri plates, the most promising strains (three strains of Aureobasidium...

Control of plant sap-sucking insects using entomopathogenic fungi Isaria fumosorosea strain (Ifu13a)Original Paper

Ghulam Ali Bugti, Cao Na, Wang Bin, Lin Hua Feng

Plant Protect. Sci., 2018, 54(4):258-264 | DOI: 10.17221/118/2017-PPS  

The virulence of the Isaria fumosorosea strain (Ifu13a) against different plant sap-sucking insects such as Jacobiasca formosana Paoli (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae), Aphis gossypii Glover (Hemiptera: Aphididae), Bemisia tabaci Gennadius (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae), and Stephanitis nashi Esaki et Takeya (Hemiptera: Tingidae) in laboratory condition at 21 ± 1°C temperature and 78 ± 5% relative humidity was determined. We found that the Ifu13a strain had excellent potential to control the target insects. The mortality of the tested insect species ranged from 81 to 100% in the...

Repellent activity of plants from the genus Chenopodium to Ostrinia nubilalis larvaeOriginal Paper

Dariusz Piesik, Didier Rochat, Jan Bocianowski, Frédéric Marion-Poll

Plant Protect. Sci., 2018, 54(4):265-271 | DOI: 10.17221/143/2017-PPS  

The olfactory choices expressed by naïve neonate European corn borer (ECB) larvae were tested by recording their locomotor activities in response to odours coming from plants of the genus Chenopodium (producing phytoecdysteroids or not). ECB larvae were found to be repelled from phytoecdysteroid-positive species, except C. album and C. polyspermum. On the contrary, they were mildly attracted or mildly repelled by phytoecdysteroid-negative species, except C. botrys (which emits a rancid odour). These observations indicate that neonate ECB larvae clearly differentiate plant odours and suggest that well-defended...

Can late flushing trees avoid attack by moth larvae in temperate forests?Original Paper

Ján Kulfan, Lenka Sarvašová, Michal Parák, Marek Dzurenko, Peter Zach

Plant Protect. Sci., 2018, 54(4):272-283 | DOI: 10.17221/11/2018-PPS  

We investigated moth larvae (Lepidoptera) developing in temperate forests in Central Europe shortly after the tree budburst (the "brumata-viridana complex"). Larvae were collected in southern Slovakia in May 2015 and May 2016 from young and mature trees of late flushing Quercus cerris L. and early flushing Q. pubescens Willd. Although Q. cerris yielded fewer species (40 species) than Q. pubescens (47 species), the rarefied number of species and the Chao index suggested a similar number of species on mature trees of both oak species. Both the total number of moth larvae in assemblages and the abundance of dominant...